摘要
针对我国铁路多种型面的车轮在线路上混跑的实际情况,为改善轮轨接触关系,以60 kg＆#183;m-1钢、轨（简称60钢轨）为原形,按照尽量少改动原形钢轨几何尺寸的原则,以直线线路钢轨上的轮轨接触光带居中、曲线线路上车轮轮缘贴靠钢轨时形成共形接触为预期目标,以减少轮轨接触应力、改善车辆动力学性能为目的,研究设计具有新轨头廓型的60N钢轨.仿真结果表明：60N钢轨与LM,S1002CN和LMA型面车轮接触时的接触点基本在轨头踏面中心区域;60N钢轨的最大接触应力和最大Mises等效应力与60钢轨相比,分别降低约19 ％和13％;当轮对横移量在8mm以内时,无论是与新车轮接触、还是与失稳磨耗车轮接触,60N钢轨的等效锥度基本在0.10～0.15范围内,从而有效改善了轮轨接触关系.铺设60N钢轨的试验结果表明：可以减少甚至避免钢轨在轨距角部位出现飞边、剥离掉块和疲劳核伤,产生的轮轨接触光带在25～30 mm范围内,与仿真计算结果吻合;无需进行钢轨预打磨廓型设计,大幅度减少了钢轨打磨工作量,同时也降低了打磨钢轨的难度.建议尽快在高速铁路上推广使用60N钢轨,并将其轨头廓型优化成果推广应用以形成统一的钢轨轨头廓型.
60N rail with a new rail head profile had been designed based on the 60 kg · m-1 rail （60 rail for short）,to improve the wheel-rail contact relation in the context of the variety of wheel tread profiles on the lines in China.The principle of this design is to ensure the wheel/rail contact in the middle of the rail tread on tangent line and conformal contact on curves,so as to reduce wheel-rail contact stress and improve the dynamic performance of the vehicle,under the premise of making little change in the geometric size as possible.Simulation results show that：the contact points of 60N rail with LM,S1002CN and LMA wheel lie basically on the center area of rail head tread.The maximum contact stress and maximum Mises equivalent stress of 60N rail are lowered by about 19% and 13% compared with 60 rail.When the lateral displacement of wheelset is 8 mm or less,the equivalent conicity of 60N rail is substantially in the range of 0.10 to 0.15,either in contact with the new wheels or the instability worn ones,thereby the wheel-rail relation has been effectively improved.The track test of 60N rail results show that：the contact band of 60N rail is about 25～30 mm in width,with hardly any flanging,spalling or oval flaws at the gauge corner,coincides with the simulation results.No pre-grinding profile design is needed for 60N rail,which can greatly reduce the workload and the difficulty of rail grinding.60N is recommended to be widely used on the high-speed railway as soon as possible to achieve a uniform rail head profile through optimization application.
出处
《中国铁道科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第2期128-135,共8页
China Railway Science
基金
铁道部科技研究开发计划项目(2010G006-F)
关键词
轨头廓型
钢轨
轮轨匹配
车轮型面
Rail head profile
Rail
Wheel/rail matching
Wheel tread profile
