摘要
以初始体重(100.0±0.29)g的草鱼为研究对象,通过8周的生长实验,研究饲料中棉粕替代鱼粉蛋白对草鱼的生长、饲料利用,血液生理指标和鱼体生化组成的影响。实验设置7种等氮等能饲料,对照组(C)以鱼粉为唯一蛋白源,其余6组分别以棉粕替代饲料中鱼粉蛋白的20%(R20)、40%(R40)、60%(R60)、80%(R80)、90%(R90)、100%(R100)。研究结果表明:随着饲料中棉粕含量的升高,草鱼特定生长率呈下降的趋势,当替代比例达到60%,显著低于对照组(P<0.05);饲料效率、蛋白质贮积率和能量贮积率随着饲料中棉粕含量升高而显著降低(P<0.05)。通过折线法分析,在实验条件下,棉粕可以替代鱼粉蛋白的43.3%而不影响草鱼的生长。各组草鱼之间血清谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶和甘油三酯含量无显著差异(P>0.05);总胆固醇、高密脂蛋白胆固醇和低密胆固醇呈现下降趋势,当替代水平达到40%显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。棉粕替代鱼粉蛋白显著影响鱼体的水分含量(P<0.05),当替代比例达到80%,鱼体的水分含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05);各组之间鱼体的蛋白质和灰分含量无显著性差异(P>0.05)。R20组的鱼体脂肪和能量含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),R100组的鱼体脂肪和能量含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),其他各组之间和对照组无显著性差异(P>0.05)。
To evaluate the effects of replacement of fishmeal with cottonseed meal on growth, feed utilization, hemato-logical physiology, and body composition of juvenile grass carp [mean initial body weight of （100.0±0.29） g], seven isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets （C, R20, R40, R60, R80, R90 and R100） containing graded levels of cottonseed meal （CSM） （replacing 0, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 90%, and 100% FM protein by CSM protein） were fed to triplicate groups of fish for 8 weeks. The results showed that the diets containing≥ 60%of replacement levels significantly di-minished the specific growth rate （SGR） of the fish compared with the non-replacing group （P〈0.05）. The increased levels of CSM significantly decreased FE, PRE and ERE （P〈0.05）, and the optimal replacement level by CSM was 43.3%protein. CSM had no significant effects on the ALT activity, AST activity or the content of TGy （P〉0.05）. More-over, the dietary CSM reduced the content of serum TCh, HDL-C and LDL-C, and the significant difference was ob-served when the replacement is 40% or more. The dietary CSM at all graded levels had significant effect on the water content of fish body （P〈0.05）, but it did not regulate the content of protein or ash of the fish body. The role of diatery CSM in regulating the lipid and gross energy contents is concentration-dependent：R20 diet significantly increased them compared to the control group （P〈0.05）;R100 diet significantly decreased them;（P〈0.05）;R40, R60, R80, or R90 did not have significant effects.
出处
《水生生物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第2期362-369,共8页
Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica
基金
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-46-19)
公益性行业(农业)专项(201003020
201203015)
国家973项目(2009CB118702)资助
关键词
棉粕
鱼粉
草鱼
生长
血液指标
鱼体组成
Cottonseed meal
Fishmeal
Grass carp
Growth
Hematological physiology
Body composition
