摘要
欧洲白桦(Betula pendula Roth.)为经济价值较高的工业用材和景观美化树种,生态适应性较强,分布广泛.为了丰富我国寒温带用材树种资源和生态城市建设种质资源的遗传多样性,遵循供种区与引种区环境条件相似原则,根据引种区土壤、植被分布、地形地貌和地理位置等主要环境条件,确定与之相适应的供种区.以欧洲白桦为研究对象,在引种驯化的基础上,系统开展家系子代的生长动态规律、变异性、生态适应性和抗逆性分析,综合评价遗传力和遗传增益等遗传参量的遗传效应.结果表明:欧洲白桦家系子代的生长趋势与东北白桦基本上趋于一致,能较快地适应新的生态环境,但生长性状存在一定的变异,其中:树高性状变异较小,地径性状变异较大,当年高生长变异最大,平均变异系数分别为2.50%,27.76%和50.31%.欧洲白桦的家系遗传力较强,遗传增益较高,遗传效应显著,3个性状的家系遗传力分别为0.762 3,0.808 3和0.637 5,遗传增益分别为16.89%,17.97%及25.63%,应用前景广阔.
Betula pendula is an industrial timber and landscaping species with high economic value, which has strong adaptability and wide distribution. In order to enrich the resources of wood species and ecological urban construction species in the cold temperate zone, following resemble principle between the environmental conditions of seed zone and introduction area, the areas introducing fine varieties in the cold area confirm to regard the suitable landscaping species as the area of origin according to its soil, vegetation distribution,landform and the general configuration of the earth＇ s surface and geographical position. Betula pendula was employed to analyze and evaluate the growth rhythm, the variability, the ecological adaptability, the heritability, genetic gain and heterosis on the heredity effects. The results showed that,the growth trend of Betula pendula is in accordance with Betula platyphyUa var. mandshurica during the period of seedling cultivation, and it can adapt to the new ecological environment, the coefficients of variance of seedling height （ 2. 50% ） were small, but its seedling diameter（27.76% ）were larger and its current increment of height（50.31% ）were the largest among families. Meanwhile its growth character had strong heritability, high genetic gain, and remarkable heredity effects. The heritability of seedling height and diameter were 0. 762 3,0. 808 3 and 0. 637 5, and the genetic gain were 16.89%, 17.97% and 25.63% ,respectively.
出处
《北华大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
2014年第2期243-247,共5页
Journal of Beihua University（Natural Science）
基金
国家林木种质资源平台运行服务项目(2011DKA21003-02)
国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201204307-07)
黑龙江省科技支撑项目(GB07B301)
关键词
欧洲白桦
引种驯化
遗传效应
遗传增益
遗传力
Betula pendula
introduction and domestication
heredity effects
genetic gain
heritability
