摘要
通过对某长输天然气管道发生的爆炸事故进行详细的技术分析,确定了其发生爆管泄漏的原因和点火源。对爆裂管道的断口进行了宏观检查和测量,分析了断口宏观形貌;对发生爆裂和未发生爆裂的管道分别取样,进行化学成分分析和金相分析;沿爆裂管段横向取块状拉伸样品进行拉伸性能测试;对爆裂管道和未爆裂管道横截面进行显微硬度测试;在爆裂管道靠近划伤区域和未爆裂管道上分别取小块试样,进行金属内部氢含量测试;在扫描电镜下对断口进行观察。基于上述,确定了管道断裂原因,即管道表面严重划伤,造成管道发生氢致开裂,导致天然气泄漏,并与空气混合,形成爆炸性混合气体,遇供电线路绝缘子放电火花,发生爆炸火灾事故。最后从完整性管理、外防腐层检测、阴极保护等多个方面提出了有效的防范措施。(图11,表3,参6)
Through detailed technical analysis on an explosion accident in a long-distance gas pipeline, the cause of its explosion and leakage and the ignition source were found out. Visual inspection and measurement were carried out on the fracture of the explosion pipeline, and macro-morphology of fracture was analyzed. Samples were taken from both the exploded and unexploded pipes to conduct chemical composition analysis and metallographic analysis. Massive samples were taken transversally along the explosion pipeline to conduct tensile property test. Microhardness test was carried out on the cross section of the exploded and unexploded pipes. Samples were taken respectively from the exploded pipeline near the scratch area and the unexploded one to test the hydrogen content in the metal. Fracture was observed under the scanning electron microscope. Based on all the above studies, the cause of pipeline fracture was determined, that is, the serious scratch on the surface of pipeline causes the hydrogen induced cracking of pipeline, which then led to the leakage of natural gas, then natural gas mixing with air formed the explosive gas mixture, which when meeting the discharge spark of insulator in power supply line, exploded. In the end, effective preventive measures are proposed in terms of integrity management, inspection of external anticorrosive coating and cathodic protection. （11 Figures, 3 Tables, 6 References）
出处
《油气储运》
CAS
2014年第4期385-390,共6页
Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation
关键词
天然气管道
爆炸事故
技术分析
防范措施
安全运行
gas pipeline, explosion accident, technical analysis, preventive measure, safety operation
