摘要
快速城市化过程使区域生态用地日益破碎,导致生物多样性不断降低,威胁土地生态安全。对快速城市化地区土地利用及规划进行生态连接度评价,并为土地管理提供决策支持,成为保障区域土地生态安全的必然选择。该文利用第二次全国土地调查数据及土地利用总体规划数据,在生态功能区识别的基础上,采用生态连接度指数对曹妃甸新区土地利用现状和规划情景进行生态连接度评价,评价土地利用对区域土地生态功能联系的影响并提出改善建议。结果表明:曹妃甸新区中等以上生态连接区域仅占曹妃甸新区的56.45%,且呈明显破碎化和孤岛化分布;在7 714.71 hm2规划新增城市用地中有2 027.25 hm2对区域生态连接度影响显著,这些区域应进行生态功能保护和提升。加强对区域重要生态用地的保护、利用现存生态资源对景观进行生态重建、强化建成区内部绿地网络建设是提高曹妃甸新区生态连接度水平的有效途径。研究成果对区域生态保护和建设工作具有重要参考价值。
Rapid urbanization has caused fragmenting and isolating ecological landscape, which may have led to biodiversity loss and threatened land ecological safety. Therefore, assessing the impact of rapid urbanization on ecological connectivity has become an inevitable choice for biodiversity protection and the maintenance of regional ecological security as well as providing decision support for land planning. 〈br〉 Based on the second national land survey data and general land use planning data, a GIS-based iterative topological analysis method was used to identify the ecological functional areas according to the type of the land use in the Caofeidian new district. Eight categories of ecological functional areas with a total area of 142 798.30 hm2 were identified, which accounted for about 72.19% of the study area. With the cost distance model, the Barrier Effect Index （BEI） and Ecological Connectivity Index （ECI） were used to assess the impact of landscape ecological connectivity on current land use scenario and land planning scenario in the Caofeidian new district to evaluate the driving mechanism of the deterioration of ecological landscape, to assess the impact on the ecological function relationship of ecological lands, and to provide recommendations. The results show that the area whose Ecological Connectivity Index was above medium level only accounts for 56.45%of the total area of the Caofeidian new district, the regional ecological function area has been distinctly fragmented and isolated, while the non-connectivity area, whose Ecological Connectivity Index equals 1, has showed stronger connectivity of spatial distribution, such regional landscape ecological deterioration was mainly caused by the expansion of construction land and insufficient attention to ecological protection in land use planning. 〈br〉 Further analysis of overlaying the ECI index maps of future scenarios based on urban growth and the current situation was conducted. Results of impact on the Ecological Connectivity Index indicated that, of the planning new urban and industrial lands of 7 714.71 hm2, 2 027.25 hm2 of that has been identified to have a critical impact on ecological connectivity. It indicated that, instead of construction land, such area should be planned for ecological land, and protection measures are necessary to improve the ecological function. However, a number of areas, about 4 338.63 hm2 in total, most of which are adjacent to existing urban areas, had minimum impact on the ecological connectivity. Such areas might be considered suitable for construction land, whereas the remaining 1 348.83 hm2 with medium impact to ECI could be considered suitable for construction land under the premise of maintaining ecological corridors. 〈br〉 Three effective ways were suggested to increase Caofeidian new district’s ECI and improve the ecological structure： strengthen the protection of important ecological functional lands having obvious influence on the regional ecological connectivity index during the preparation of general land use plans;reconstruct the ecological landscape using residual ecological resources to improve the ecological connectivity level; and strengthen the green network construction in the build-up area.
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第8期218-226,共9页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
国土资源部公益性行业科研专项(201311060)
关键词
土地利用
地理信息系统
生态
连接度
影响评价
曹妃甸新区
land use
geographic information system
ecology
connectivity
impact assessment
Caofeidian new district
