摘要
目的分析长输管道站场常见职业病危害因素的种类、特点、存在场所及存在形式和部分常见职业病危害因素相对危害程度，讨论职业病危害因素检测过程中的主要影响因素，为职业病危害因素的有效检测与防护提供科学依据。方法将2010--2012年所检测的石油系统输油输气站场分类，结合现场调查、布点表和相关检测数据对职业病危害因素存在的场所和类别进行归类，分析相对危害程度，归纳检测过程中的影响因素。结果①长输管道各站场常见职业病危害因素主要有化学因素和物理因素；②站控室、泵房等半密闭或密闭场所化学毒物浓度（非甲烷总烃为1．04—5．11mg／m3）有时较露天工艺设施区高（非甲烷总烃为0．65～1．22mg／m3）；发电机房、消防泵房、压缩机厂房等为高噪声场所[〉85dB（A）]；配电间（室）模拟屏产生的工频电场有时高于变压器。结论长输管道站场中各区域或场所分别存在各种职业病危害因素，种类、相对危害程度随区域或场所的不同而有所区别。合理控制检测过程中的影响因素可以保障检测结果的准确性。
[ Objective] To analyze the kinds, characteristics, places, forms of common occupational hazards in transportation sta- tions of long-distance pipeline and the relative degree of some common occupational hazards, to discuss the influencing factors dur- ing detection process of occupational hazards, and provide scientific basis for the effective detection and protection of occupational hazards. [ Methods] The oil and gas transportation stations of petroleum system detected from 2010-2012 were classified. Based on the records of field investigations, the stationing tables and some data, the places and forms of common occupational hazards were classified and the relative degree of hazard was analyzed. The influencing factors during detection process were summed up. [ Results] （1）The main kinds of common occupational hazards in transportation stations of long-distance pipeline were chemical and physical factors. （2）Chemical toxicant concentration （ NMHC 1.04-5.11 mg/m3 ） in some half closed or sealed places, such as sta- tion control room, pump room, etc, was higher than that （ NMHC 0.65-1.22 mg/m3 ） in the outdoor process facilities areas some- times. Generator room, fire pump, compressor plant, etc, are high noise places [ （ 〉 85 dB （ A ） ] . The power frequency electric field of mimic panels in distribution room was higher than that of transformers. [ Conclusion] There are many occupational hazards in transportation stations of long-distance pipeline, the kinds and the relative degree of hazards are different in different areas or places. The accuracy of detection results can be guaranteed by the reasonable control of the influencing factors during detection process.
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2014年第9期1160-1164,共5页
Occupation and Health
关键词
长输管道站场
职业病危害因素
影响因素
Transportation stations of long-distance pipeline
Occupational hazards
Influencing factors
