摘要
采用倒置"W"取样法对陕北地区糜子田杂草进行调查,以明确其杂草组成及其群落特征。结果表明,陕北地区糜子田杂草有42种(含变种),隶属于13科38属;其中,恶性杂草5种,区域性优势杂草6种,常见杂草11种,一般杂草20种。狗尾草、苣卖菜、甘遂等是陕北地区糜子田杂草群落的优势种,平均优势度分别达到22.14、17.30和19.47。志丹、安塞、定边、府谷、神木地区分别形成以狗尾草+苣荬菜+茵陈蒿+甘遂、甘遂+狗尾草+苣荬菜、苣卖菜+画眉草+狗尾草+甘遂、甘遂+藜+苣荬菜+狗尾草+反枝苋、苣卖菜+甘遂+马齿苋+狗尾草为主的杂草群落。对比研究发现,神木和定边糜子地杂草群落物种丰富度、多样性及均匀度较其他地区高。从群落相似性看,志丹和安塞群落结构最为相似。地理环境、气候条件及控草措施可能是导致糜子田杂草发生及群落组成产生差异的主要原因。
Weed survey was conducted by sampling methods of inverted W-pattern to determine the species composition and structure of weed communities in broomcorn millet fields in northern regions of Shaanxi province.The results showed that 42weed species（including varieties）belonging to 13 families and 38genera were found.Among them,5species were considered as dominant weeds,6species were regional dominant weeds,11common weed species and 20normal weed species.The overall abundance of Setaria viridis,Chenopodium album,Sonchus brachyotus,Euphorbia kansui and Artemisia capillaris were relatively high and were the main components of weed communities in all broomcorn millet fields in Shaanxi.Weed community is mainly consisted of Setariaviridis ＋ Sonchus brachyotus＋ Artemisia capillaris ＋Euphorbia kansui in Zhidan region,Euphorbia kansui＋Setaria viridis＋ Sonchus brachyotus in Ansai region,Sonchus brachyotus＋ Eragrostis pilosa＋ Setaria viridis ＋ Euphorbia kansui in Dingbian region,Euphorbia kansui＋Chenopodium album ＋Sonchus brachyotus＋Setaria viridis ＋ Amaranthus retroflexus in Fugu region,and Sonchus brachyotus＋Euphorbia kansui＋ Portulaca oleracea＋Setaria viridis in Shenmu region.The species richness,diversity and evenness of weed community in broomcorn millet fields in Shenmu and Dinbian region were higher than that of other regions.Based on the Sorensen＇s similarity index,the structure of weed community in Zhidan region was similar to that of Ansai region.The difference of weed occurrence and community structure might result from the geographical location,climatic condition and weed management practices.
出处
《西北农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第5期164-170,共7页
Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica
基金
农业部国家谷子糜子产业技术体系项目(CARS-07-12.5)
农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项资助项目(200903007)
关键词
糜子
杂草群落
优势度
陕北地区
Broomcorn millet
Weed community
Relative abundance
Northern Shaanxi
