摘要
实验选取滇西北高原湿地4种典型挺水植物,茭草、菖蒲、香蒲、水葱进行室内净化效率试验,通过对4种植物净化水体中的氮、磷等营养元素的比较研究,为云南省污染湖泊治理的人工湿地构建提供科学依据。在对茭草、菖蒲、香蒲、水葱四种挺水植物的室内净化效率试验研究中发现,茭草对TN的平均去除率为69.3%;TP平均去除率为75.2%;氨氮平均去除率为76.4%;正磷酸盐平均去除率为74.7%;COD平均去除率为69.4%。香蒲对TN的平均去除率为60.1%;TP的平均去除率为66.3%;氨氮平均去除率为69.8%;正磷酸盐平均去除率为64.3%;COD平均去除率为60.3%。菖蒲对TN的平均去除率为56.2%;TP平均去除率为61.7%;氨氮平均去除率为64.7%;正磷酸盐平均去除率为62.4%;COD平均去除率为57.9%。水葱对TN的平均去除率为51.9%;TP平均去除率为57.8%;氨氮平均去除率为60.7%;正磷酸盐平均去除率为57.4%;COD平均去除率为53.8%,表明4种挺水植物具有较好的对生活污水的净化效果,4种主要挺水植物中,茭草对氮、磷的总体净化效率最高、香蒲次之、菖蒲第3、水葱第4。运用湿地植物净化水体中的氮、磷是一项既能处理污染,又能保护环境、美化环境的生态工程,人工湿地构建中植物选择是基础,研究为我国高原污染湖泊湿地的治理、修复、重建以及保护利用提供了科学依据。
For Zizania caduuciflora, the removal rates of TN, TP, Ammonia, phosphate and COD were 69. 3%,75.2%, 76.4%, 74.7% and 69.4%, respectively. For Acorus calamus, the removal rates of TN, TP, Ammonia, phosphate and COD were 60.1%, 66.3%, 69.8%, 64.3% and 60.3%, respectively. For Typha orientalis, the removal rates of TN, TP, Ammonia, phosphate and COD were 56.2%, 61.7%, 64.7%, 62.4% and 57.9%, respectively. For Scirpus validus,the removal rates of TN, TP, Ammonia, phosphate and COD were 51.9%, 57.8%, 60.7%, 57.4% and 53.8~, respective- ly. Our results suggested that these four emerged plants can purify domestic sewage effectively. Among four emerged plants, the purification efficiency of Zizania caduuciflora was the greatst, the second was Typha orientalis, the third was Acorus cal- amus, and Scirpus validus was the lowest. In addition, we studied the purification efficiency of these four emerged plants under different concentrations of the sewage. The purification efficiency of plants under low concentration of the sewage was greater than that under intermediate concentration. However, under high sewage concentration, the plant can not survive. Therefore, in order to reach the maximum purification efficiency, the selection of plants should be varied with environmental conditions during the establishment of constructed wetland. Using wetland plants to purify water nitrogen and phosphorus can not only help to pollution treatment, but also protect environment. Considering that plant selection is essential to establish constructed wetland, our results provide guideline for restoring, reconstructing and utilizing plateau lake wetlands.
出处
《山东林业科技》
2014年第2期1-6,51,共7页
Journal of Shandong Forestry Science and Technology
基金
973计划前期研究(2008cb417210)
关键词
剑湖湿地
模拟实验
生活污水
挺水植物
净化效率
Jianhu Wetland
Simulated experiment
Domestic sewage
Emerged plants
Purification efficiency
