摘要
在实验室条件下,研究了不同浓度(0,0.05 mg/L,0.15 mg/L,0.45 mg/L和1.35 mg/L)的石油,对海水中细菌数量和酶活性在短期(96 h)和较长期(28 d)内的影响,结果表明:(1)海水中的细菌数量随着石油污染时间和浓度的不同,表现出不同的变化特征。可培养异养菌数在96 h内,所有实验组均呈现先升高后下降的趋势,其后低浓度实验组保持缓慢上升至7 d后数值维持稳定,但最高浓度组(1.35 mg/L)海水中的异养细菌数在7 d后明显下降,之后逐渐上升。实验持续28 d时,各组间差别不显著(P>0.05)。在培养24 h时,各实验组细菌总数有明显增长,且随石油浓度增加而升高,随后其变化没有明显规律,但培养7 d后,较低浓度组细菌总数一直高于对照组,而高浓度组(1.35 mg/L)细菌总数一直低于对照组。(2)石油污染对海水中细菌脱氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)具有诱导作用。细菌脱氢酶活性和SOD活性分别在培养72 h和24 h时显著升高,且随着石油浓度增加,其活性上升。经过长时间培养后,细菌酶活恢复正常,与对照组没有显著差别。
The effects of petroleum pollution on the quantity and enzymes activity of marine bacteria were studied under laboratory conditions. The results were as follows：（1） The quantity of bacteria in sea water varied with experimental time and exposure concentration of petroleum. The number of culturable heterotrophic bacteria（HBC） of all tested groups increased at first and decreased subsequently in 96 h. Afterwards,the number of HBC of the groups treated with low concentration kept rising slowly till the 7th day and then remained stable until the end of the experiment.While the number of HBC of the group treated with the highest concentration（1. 35 mg /L） declined obviously after 7days,then increased gradually. At the 28th day,the number of HBC had no significant difference between the control and all tested groups（P〉0. 05）. In addition,the number of bacteria from acridine orange viable counts（AODC） of all tested groups showed obvious increase when cultured to 24 h and showed positive interrelation with petroleum concentration increasing. Afterwards,there is no clear change of the bacteria number except that the number of AODC of groups tested with lower petroleum concentration were higher than that of the control after the 7th day while that of the groups tested with the highest petroleum concentration was lower than that of the control.（2） Petroleum pollution could induce the production of dehydrogenase and Superoxide Dismutase（SOD）. The activity of dehydrogenase and SOD increased markedly at 72 h and 24 h respectively and both of the enzymes activity went up followed with the concentration increase of petroleum. However,there is no marked difference in the activity of dehydrogenase and SOD between the control and tested group at the end of the experiment.
出处
《海洋环境科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第3期366-371,共6页
Marine Environmental Science
基金
国家海洋局海洋溢油鉴别与损害评估技术重点实验室开放研究基金(201108)
关键词
溢油污染
可培养异养菌
细菌总数
酶活性
petroleum pollution
culturable heterotrophic bacteria
the total number of bacteria
enzyme activity
