摘要
总结回顾了近年青藏高原影响的气候动力学研究。青藏高原在不同季节对气候的影响具有的不同特性:(1)冬季高原为弱冷源的特征;(2)春季高原与环流的相互作用使中国南方盛行西南气流进而形成江南春雨,在从冬到夏的季节推进过程中,青藏高原还调控南亚-印度洋海陆气相互作用,激发孟加拉湾季风爆发性涡旋,促使孟加拉湾季风在高原东部爆发;(3)夏季斜坡上的感热加热形成高原感热气泵,与海陆热力对比共同作用,控制南亚季风和东亚季风;(4)在年际和年代际时间尺度上,冬季热源异常是北半球大气环流变化的结果,同时对中国南方持续性异常雨雪事件产生影响;在春夏季节,高原热力强迫的变化强烈地影响环流和亚洲气候。其中青藏高原表面感热通量和其上空大气热源在春季和夏季呈减弱趋势在近30年逐渐减弱,影响到中国近几十年夏季季风和雨带分布。最后提出青藏高原影响研究的气候动力学面临的科学问题。
The present paper reviews the recent progress of mechanical and thermal impacts of the Tibetan Plateau （TP） on the climate in different seasons. The thermal features of the atmosphere over the TP are of the winter, The formation of persistent spring rainfall over southern China is caused by the interaction of the flow and the TP and the formation and development of a monsoon onset vortex is triggered by the air-sea interaction over the northern Indian Ocean modulated by the TP and the air-land interaction over the southern Asia in spring. A ＂Sensible Heat Driven Air-Pump＂ in TP is driven by the surface sensible heating over the TP sloping, and together with the land-sea thermal contrast, controls the Asian summer mummer. The seasonal, interannual variability of the thermal forcing over the TP influences the variation of the circulation and Asian climate greatly. Based on the above results, suggestions and recommendations have been put forward for study of the climate dynamics of TP impacts.
出处
《热带气象学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第2期201-209,共9页
Journal of Tropical Meteorology
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(40925015
41275088)
科技部国家重点基础研究专项(2010CB950403)共同资助
关键词
气候学
动力学研究
进展
climate climatology
mechanism
progress
