摘要
2011年10月～2012年12月,对内蒙古额尔古纳国家级自然保护区鸟类进行了调查.同时利用历年观测资料,确定额尔古纳自然保护区分布鸟类239种,分属18目44科.其中留鸟39种,占种数的16.32％;夏候鸟143种,占59.83％;冬候鸟16种,占6.69％;旅鸟39种,占17.15％.由于本区处于中国动物地理区划中介于东北区与蒙新区交界地带,同时华北一些鸟类种类向本区渗透,使得本区鸟类区系复杂,鸟类种类较为丰富.同时,本文对保护区各生境夏季鸟类多样性进行了分析,在针叶林、针阔混交林、草甸、草甸沼泽、河流沼泡和居民区6种生境类型中,鸟类群落多样性指数为H针阔混交林＞H针叶林＞H河流泡沼＞H居民区＞H草甸＞H草甸沼泽;鸟类群落均匀性指数为E河流泡沼＞E针叶林＞E针阔混交林＞E草甸＞E居民区＞E草甸沼泽,针阔混交林生境与草甸沼泽生境的鸟类群落相似性系数最高,其次是针叶林生境与针阔混交林生境.本研究首次发现灰斑鸠（Strep-topelia decaocto）和紫翅椋鸟（Sturnus vulgaris）在保护区南部有分布,这是东北地区这两种鸟类分布的最北缘纪录.
From October 2011 to December 2012 we investigated the birds in E＇erguna National Na- ture Reserve, Hulunbei＇er, Inner Mongolia. We used historical records to determine that 239 spe- cies of bird have been reported for the reserve, representing 18 orders and 44 families. The total includes 39 species of resident birds（ 16% ）, 143 species of summer resident birds（60% ）,16 species of winter resident birds（7% ）, and 39 species of passage migrants （17%）. Because the study area lies between the Mongolia and the northeast China biogeographical regions, and some bird species from north China penetrate into this area, the bird assemblage in this area is more complex and species rich. We analyzed summer bird diversity in the nature reserve within 6 habitat types, viz. coniferous forest, mixed coniferous forest, meadow, meadow marsh, riverbog and residence. Bird diversity ranked as ： HMixed coniferous 〉 econiferous forest 〉 HRivers bogs 〉 Hresidence 〉 HMeadow 〉 HMeadow marsh· Evenness ranked as ERivers bogs 〉 Econiferous forest 〉 EMixed coniferous 〉 Emeadow 〉 Eresidence 〉 Erneadow marsh· Similarity between mixed coniferous forest and meadow swamp was highest, followed by similarity between coniferous forest and mixed coniferous. Eurasian Collared- Dove（ Streptope/ia decaocto）and Common Starling （Sturnus vu/garis）were recorded for the first time in the south of the protected area： this represents the northernmost record for these species in northeast China.
出处
《野生动物学报》
2014年第2期205-210,共6页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE
基金
国家自然科学基金(31093440)
额尔古纳国家级自然保护区生物多样性研究(20122300010987)
