摘要
Anthropogenic aluminum cycle in China was analyzed by the aluminum flow diagram based on the life cycle of aluminum products. The whole anthropogenic aluminum cycle consists of four stages： alumina and aluminum production, fabrication and manufacture, use and reclamation. Based on the investigation on the 2003-2007 aluminum cycles in China, a number of changes can be found. For instance, resources self-support ratio （RSR） in alumina production dropped from 95.42%to 55.50%, while RSR in the aluminum production increased from 52.45%to 79.25%. However, RSR in the Chinese aluminum industry leveled off at 50%in the period of 2003-2007. The respective use ratios of domestic and imported aluminum scrap in the aluminum industry of 2007 were 5.38% and 9.40%. In contrast, both the net imported Al-containing resources and the lost quantity of Al-containing materials in aluminum cycle increased during the same period, as well as the net increased quantity of Al-containing materials in social stock and recycled Al-scrap. Proposals for promoting aluminum cycle were put forward. The import/export policy and reducing the loss of Al-containing materials for the aluminum industry in China in the future were discussed.
采用铝产品生命周期的铝流程图进行中国人为主导的铝循环分析。人为主导的铝循环主要包括4个阶段:氧化铝及电解铝的生产、铝制品的加工和制造、铝制品的使用和报废铝制品的回收。采用加权平均法确定我国铝制品的平均使用寿命。基于中国2003-2007年的铝循环分析,发现了铝工业发生的一些变化。氧化铝生产阶段的原料自给率从95.42%下降到55.50%,原铝生产阶段的原料自给率从52.45%上升到79.25%,但整个铝工业的原料自给率基本维持在50%左右。在2007年铝工业中,国内自产废铝和进口废铝的使用比例分别占总原料的5.38%和9.40%。在此阶段,净进口各类含铝资源和铝产品生命周期中铝的损失量都是上升的,同时,社会蓄积量中铝的存量及铝的循环量都是增加的。提出了改善铝循环的对策、建议以及中国铝工业的进出口政策和降低铝产品生命周期铝损失量的措施。
基金
Projects (71003018,71373003) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
Projects (N110402003,N120302004) supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China
Project (13YJCZH172) supported by the Ministry of Education of China of Humanities and Social Sciences
