摘要
采用不熟练中–日双语者,以中文与日文的同形词和非同形词为材料,考察了翻译方向、词汇拼写形式和加工任务对隐蔽翻译启动效应的影响。结果表明:(1)不熟练中–日双语者的中文词和日文词之间存在着显著的隐蔽翻译启动效应。(2)字词拼写形式对不熟练中–日双语者两种语言的隐蔽翻译启动效应具有重要的影响:当中文词和日文词同形时,中文词启动日文词和日文词启动中文词出现了对称的启动效应;当中文词和日文词不同形时,中文词启动日文词和日文词启动中文词出现了不对称的启动效应。这种不对称性与加工任务有关:在词汇决定任务中,中文词对日文词的启动效应显著大于日文词对中文词的启动效应;在语义决定任务中,两个方向的启动效应没有显著的差异。(3)对中–日同形词,任务类型对隐蔽翻译启动效应的影响不显著;对中–日非同形词,任务类型对隐蔽翻译启动效应具有重要的影响。根据研究的结果,作者提出了不熟练中–日双语者语言表征的混合模型。
More and more researchers have involved in how bilinguals represent two languages. They use cross-language priming paradigm and reach an agreement that the lexical of two languages stored separately but the semantic stored together. The stimulus onset asynchrony （SOA） of priming paradigm in previous research was so long that the subjects could response in conscious. It is difficult to avoid the strategy in process.In addition,the relation of bilinguals’ two languages modulates the priming effect.For example, if the prime and target in translation pairs share some phone or morphology,then the subjects will response more quickly.
In order to shed light on these questions, masked priming paradigm was involved in the present study to investigate the effects of cross-language masked translation with Chinese-Japanese homographs and non-homographs. In experiment 1 and 2, participants were instructed to fulfill the lexical decision task and the results showed significant cross-language masked translation effects with both Chinese-Japanese homographs （Exp 1） and non-homographs （Exp 2）. In Experiment 1, priming words always facilitated the lexical decision task no matter whether priming items were Chinese words or Japanese words, whereas in Experiment 2, Chinese priming items caused much facilitation. In Experiment 3 and 4, semantic classification task was chosen to check whether task type affected the results. Effects of cross-language masked translation were again found with both Chinese-Japanese homographs and non-homographs. Moreover, such effects were not influenced by the type of priming items （i.e. Chinese or Japanese）. Since Chinese and Japanese are both non-alphabetic language, recent results firstly indicates that the＆amp;nbsp;script-dependent effect may be involved in the masked translation priming effect in this study. In general, priming effects are found when Chinese and Japanese are homographs, no matter whether the priming items are Chinese or Japanese; by contrast, when Chinese and Japanese are non-homographs, an asymmetrical priming effect occurs. Such an asymmetrical priming effect is influenced by the tasks. The consequence illustrates that, priming effect is more significant when Japanese are primed by Chinese than reverse with lexical decision task. However, in semantic classification task, there is symmetrical priming effect in both directions. The Sense modal prefers a representational symmetry between L1and L 2 at the semantic level when the task requirement is involved the shared meaning. Based on RHM and the Sense modal, a Chinese-Japanese bilingual mix model is proposed according to the morphology and task. That is, there is a strong connection between Chinese and Japanese when they are homographs, and the strengths of their connections to the concepts are similar, either. By contrast, Japanese and the concepts are more complicated when Chinese and Japanese are non-homographs：Strong connection occurs only between Chinese and the concepts, meanwhile week connection occurs between Japanese and Chinese, as well as between Japanese and the concepts.
出处
《心理学报》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第6期765-776,共12页
Acta Psychologica Sinica
基金
中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资助)项目成果(14XNLQ05)
