摘要
通过对柑橘园内套种的黑麦草（Lolium perenne），藿香蓟（Ageratum conyzoides），香矢车菊（Centaurtea cya-nns），柠檬罗勒（ Ocimum americannm），菊苣（ Cichorium intybus ）及对照（裸地）小气候的观测，分析了气温、空气相对湿度、土壤温度和土壤含水率的日变化规律，旨在研究不同植草栽培对柑橘园小气候的影响，以期为优化柑橘园种植模式提供理论依据。结果表明：不同植草处理较对照可降低日平均气温0．5℃～1．2℃，各种草最大降温幅度的高度层依次为柠檬罗勒（20 cm ）、藿香蓟（50 cm ）、黑麦草（150 cm ）、菊苣（150 cm ）、香矢车菊（150 cm）；不同植草处理较对照可降低日平均土壤温度1．7℃～3．7℃，各种草均在15 cm深度层降温幅度最大；不同植草栽培较裸地可以提高日平均空气相对湿度3．3％～6．5％；不同深度日平均土壤含水率提高1．2％～3．5％；各土层土温和土壤含水率呈显著性负相关，随着土层深度的增加，相关系数减小。菊苣降低气温效果最好，柠檬罗勒增加空气湿度效果最好，黑麦草降低土温和增加土壤含水率效果最明显。
The daily variation of microclimatic characteristics was measured in six treatments of interplan-ting perennial ryegrass （ Lolium perenne ） , ageratum （ Ageratum conyzoides ） , cornflower （ Centaurtea cyanns ） , lemon basil （ Ocimum americannm） ,herbacichorii （ Cichorium intybus ） and bare land in the citrus orchard .The diurnal variations of air temperature , relative humidity , soil temperature and soil moisture content were ana-lyzed,so as to study the influence of different interplanting grass cultivations on the microclimate in the citrus orchard and provide the theoretical basis for optimizing the planting patterns of citrus orchards .The results showed that compared with the CK the interplanting grass treatments could decrease the daily average air tem -perature ranging from 0.5 to 1.2℃.The heights of the layers of the grasses with maximum cooling rates were in the order of lemon basil （20 cm）,ageratum （50 cm）,ryegrass （150 cm）,herbacichorii（150 cm）,cornflower （150 cm）.Compared with the CK the interplanting grass treatments could decrease the daily average soil temper -ature ranging from 1.7 to 3.7℃in summer .The cooling rates of all the grass species were the highest at the 15 cm depth layer .Compared with CK ,the interplant grass treatments could increase the daily air relative humidity ranging from 3.3%to 6.5%and increase the daily soil moisture content ranging from 1.2%to 3.5%in summer. The daily average soil moisture of each soil layer increased by 1.2%-3.5%.The soil temperature was signifi-cantly correlated with the soil moisture content in each soil layer .With the increase of soil depth ,the correla-tion coefficient decreased .Herbacichorii had the best effect on reducing the air temperature ,lemon basil had the best effect on increasing the air humidity ,and ryegrass had the best effect on reducing the soil temperature and increasing the soil moisture content .
出处
《江西农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第3期601-608,共8页
Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD14B14)
关键词
植草
小气候效应
日变化
橘园
interplanting grass
microclimate effect
diurnal variation
citrus orchard
