摘要
采用田间小区试验方法,研究了施氮量对寒区盐碱地马铃薯不同时期(播种期,幼苗期,块茎形成期,块茎增长期和淀粉积累期)的土壤微生物(细菌,真菌和放线菌)数量和土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、碱性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性的影响。结果表明:与低氮(N 0 kg·hm-2)处理相比,中氮(N 90 kg·hm-2)和高氮(N 180 kg·hm-2)处理可以明显增加寒区盐碱地3类土壤微生物数量和4种土壤酶活性。随着马铃薯生长期的推进,3类微生物数量呈先上升后下降的趋势;低氮处理在幼苗期之后土壤脲酶和蔗糖酶活性变化无明显差异,磷酸酶活性呈降低趋势,而过氧化氢酶活性呈增加趋势;中氮和高氮处理的土壤蔗糖酶和中性磷酸酶活性呈先增加后降低再上升的趋势,而脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性呈逐渐增加趋势。3类土壤微生物数量和4种酶活性随土壤深度的增加呈降低趋势。
Field experiment was conducted to assess the effects of the different nitrogen fertilizer application on microorganism and four kinds of soil enzyme activities in different growth stages of the cold saline-alkali soil for potato plant.Three different N application amounts were set：0 kg · hm-2,90 kg · hm-2and 180 kg · hm-2,which were called low nitrogen,middle and high nitrogen treatments respectively.Main results were as follows：compared to low nitrogen treatment,middle and high nitrogen treatments could increase microorganism density and enzyme activities with different growth stages of the soil for the potato cultivation.With the process of the growth stage,the total amount of the microorganis displayed a patterns which ascend firstly then descend.There were no significant difference for soil enzyme activities,urease and invertase activities of soil in low nitrogen treatment but after seeding stage,neutral phosphatease activity of soil was decreased.However,catalase activity of soil was significantly increased; invertase and neutral phosphatase activities in both middle and high nitrogen treatment exhibited to rise firstly and then decrease tendency,finally increase again,while the catalase and urease activities displayed continuous increasing tendency with the plant maturation.In addition,the microorganis and enzyme activities decreased with soil depth increasing within a certain range.
出处
《中国土壤与肥料》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第3期32-37,共6页
Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China
基金
黑龙江省农垦总局重点项目(HNK11A-05-10)
关键词
盐碱地
氮
微生物数量
土壤酶
马铃薯
saline-alkali soil
nitrogen
microorganis
soil enzyme
potato
