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政府补助与民营企业研发投入 被引量:51

An Empirical Analysis of the Impact of Public Subsidies on Private Enterprise's R&D Investment
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摘要 在关于政府研发补助政策对企业研发投入影响效应的争论背景下,本文通过分析第9次全国民营企业抽样调查数据,发现政府研发补助政策对中国民营企业研发投入具有激励效应,但这一效应受到企业决策者、企业资源禀赋结构以及企业环境等企业系统相关属性的影响。本文认为,为了进一步推动企业创新研发活动,政府需要继续改善市场环境,并在补助政策上向那些在企业决策和资源禀赋结构上更趋向于自主研发创新的民营中小企业倾斜。 As market failure exists, using public funding to support private R&D activities is a common practice in many countries. Many studies found out that public funding have a great influence on private R&D activities in terms of changing the private cost, expected return and risk of the R&D project. However, it is controversial to determine the direction of this influence some studies suggest that public funding can stimulate private R&D, while others hold opposite opinions. The article emphasizes that the influence may vary by different firms. Based on the Private Enterprises data in China, the research uses Tobit model to analyzes the effect of public funding on private R&D. The results indicate that public subsidies can promote private enterprise's R&D investment significantly. Meanwhile, this stimulating effect can also be affected by various firm characteristics such as entrepreneurship, firm size and institutional environment. Specifically, the stimulating effect is stronger in smaller firms, while the public funding has a negative effect on the R&D of firms whose owners have low education or more political connections. Furthermore, for the firms located in the regions with good institutional environment, mostly characterized by weak government intervention and strong legal quality, they would increase their total R&D expenditures after accepting the public R&D support. At the same time, the public funding may also cause crowding-out effect on firm's R&D expenditures. Many subsidized firms may invest in other projects when their own R&D projects can be fully supported by the public funding, especially when they can hardly start new R&D project because of the restriction of resource like R&D personnel. Therefore, the paper gives some reasonable suggestions to use subsidy effectively. Firstly, the government needs to guarantee sufficient R&D subsidies continuously. Secondly, it is important to choose suitable firms, such as small firms and firms whose owners have high education, to ensure that the public funding can be used effectively. Finally, the government should also improve the institutional environment, like weakening government intervention and strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights.
作者 朱斌 李路路
出处 《社会》 CSSCI 北大核心 2014年第4期165-186,共22页 Chinese Journal of Sociology
基金 北京郑杭生社会发展基金会.完美中国有限公司特设博士生项目"社会转型与民营企业主的结构变迁"(14ZHFD09)资金支持~~
关键词 政府研发补助 企业研发投入 激励效应 public subsidies, R&D investment, stimulating effect
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