摘要
目的了解重症监护室(ICU)脑外伤及脑血管病患者医院感染情况及病原学特点,探讨相应防治措施。方法回顾性分析某院ICU2008—2010年收治入院的236例脑外伤及脑血管病患者病历资料。结果 236例患者发生医院感染29例(12.29%),50例次(21.19%);其中呼吸系统感染23例次(46.00%),泌尿系统感染15例次(30.00%),口腔感染4例次(8.00%),胃肠道感染3例次(6.00%),皮肤和软组织感染2例次(4.00%),其他部位感染3例次(6.00%)。共检出病原体69株,其中革兰阴性菌45株(65.22%),以铜绿假单胞菌(17株)、肺炎克雷伯菌(12株)、大肠埃希菌(10株)和鲍曼不动杆菌(4株)为主;革兰阳性菌21株(30.43%),以金黄色葡萄球菌(11株)、表皮葡萄球菌(7株)、链球菌属(2株)为主;真菌3株(4.35%)。结论该院ICU脑外伤及脑血管病患者医院感染率较高,以呼吸系统感染为主;病原体以革兰阴性菌为主。应针对性地采取有效防控措施。
Objective To analyze the status of healthcare-associated infection（HAI）and characteristics of patho-gens in patients with traumatic brain inj ury and cerebrovascular diseases,and evaluate prevention and control meas-ures.Methods Clinical data of 236 patients with traumatic brain injury and cerebrovascular diseases in a hospital from 2008 to 2010 were analyzed retrospectively.Results A total of 29 patients developed 50 times of HAI,HAI rate was 12.29%,HAI case rate was 21.19%,HAI case rate of respiratory system,urinary system,oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract,skin and soft tissue,and other sites was 46.00%（n=23）,30.00%（n=15）,8.00%（n=4）, 6.00%（n=3）,4.00%（n=2）,and 6.00%（n=3）respectively.A total of 69 pathogenic strains were detected,per-centage of gram-negative bacteria was 65.22%（n=45）,the major were Pseudomonasaeruginosa（n=17）,Klebsiel-lapneumoniae（n=12）,Escherichiacoli（n=10）,and Acinetobacterbaumannii（n=4）;percentage of gram-positive bacteria was 30.43%（n=21）,the major were Staphylococcusaureus（n=11）,Staphylococcusepidermidis （n=7）, Streptococcus spp.（n=2）;percentage of fungi was 4.35%（n=3）.Conclusion HAI in patients with traumatic brain inj ury and cerebrovascular diseases is high,the main infection site is respiratory system,the main pathogens are gram-negative bacteria.Preventive and control measures should be taken accordingly.
出处
《中国感染控制杂志》
CAS
2014年第5期284-286,280,共4页
Chinese Journal of Infection Control
关键词
重症监护室
医院感染
脑外伤
脑血管病
病原体
微生物敏感性试验
intensive care unit
healthcare-associated infection
traumatic brain inj ury
cerebrovascular disease
pathogen
antimicrobial susceptibility testing
