摘要
表观遗传学是研究基因的核苷酸序列不发生改变的情况下,基因表达或蛋白表达发生可遗传的变化,但又可以通过细胞发育和增殖而稳定遗传现象的一门遗传学分支学科.表观遗传学的研究内容包括DNA甲基化、组蛋白共价修饰、mRNA编辑、染色体重塑、基因沉默等.其调控机制是:细胞内功能基因的选择性激活或灭活.表观基因相对于整个基因组本身,提供了更有序、更特定的基因信息.表观遗传的异常会导致表型的改变,表现为人类疾病,如肿瘤.因此,随着人们对表观遗传学认识的深入,表观遗传学将成为生物医学研究领域的重点.
Epigenetics is the branch subject which studies the heritable changes of gene expression or protein expression without changing nucleotide sequence, and can make the phenomenon of heredity stable by cell development and proliferation. Epigenetics includes DNA methylation, histone covalent modification, mRNA editing, chromatin remodeling, gene silencing, etc. Its regulation mechanism is to activate or inactivate the function gene in the cells. It provides higher-ordered and more specified genetic information, compared with whole genome itself. Genetic anomaly may lead to alterations of phenotypes, such as human tumors. Therefore, with people＇s in-depth understanding of epigenetics, epigenetics will become the focus of biomedical research.
出处
《衡水学院学报》
2014年第4期45-48,共4页
Journal of Hengshui University
基金
河北省自然科学基金资助项目(C2011205115)
