摘要
基于北京市空气质量自动监测系统2013年2月常规污染物监测数据,提出了定量估算烟花爆竹燃放对大气PM2.5影响的污染物相对比值(PM2.5/CO)法。利用该方法研究表明,2013年北京除夕烟花爆竹燃放使PM2.5单站1小时平均浓度最大增加709μg/m3(石景山古城监测点);全市24小时平均浓度增加88μg/m3,达到159μg/m3,空气质量由良好升级为重度污染。元宵节夜间烟花爆竹燃放使PM2.5单站1小时平均浓度最大增加469μg/m3(海淀万柳监测点),全市24小时平均浓度增加54μg/m3。除夕夜、元宵夜全市平均烟花爆竹PM2.5浓度超过75μg/m3的时间分别为5、7 h,达到峰值后半衰期分别为0.9、1.7 h。城区烟花爆竹PM2.5浓度高于郊区,并可导致下风向郊区的PM2.5浓度显著增加。除夕、元宵节北京市区烟花爆竹排放PM2.5总量分别约为1.91×105kg、1.17×105kg。
Based on the automatic air quality monitoring data of 35 sites in Beijing during February 2013, the impacts of fireworks on airborne PM2. 5 was studied according to the ratio of PM2. 5 to CO. The results showed that： The highest 1-hour averaged firework-related PM2. 5 concentration was 709 μg/m3 measured at Gucheng Station of Shijingshan District during the Chinese New Year＆#39; s Eve. Because of Spring Festival fireworks, the 24-hour averaged PM2. 5 concentration of the whole city increased 88μg/m3 to 159 μg/m3 , and the air quality level changed from good to heavy pollution. During the Lantern Festival, the highest 1-hour averaged firework-related PM2. 5 concentration was 469 μg/m3 measured at Wanliu Station of Haidian District, and the 24-hour averaged firework-related PM2. 5 concentration of the whole city was 54 μg/m3 . The time period with firework-related PM2. 5 concentration higher than 75 μg/m3 was 5 hours and 7 hours, and the half-life of firework-related PM2. 5 was about 0. 9 h and 1. 7 h, during the midnight of the Spring Festival and Lantern Festival, respectively. The fireworks-related PM2. 5 concentration in urban areas was higher than in suburban areas, and could lead to a significant increase in downwind suburban areas. It was estimated that fireworks of the Spring Festival and Lantern Festival produced approximately 1. 91 × 10^5 kg and 1. 17 × 10^5 kg of PM2. 5 , respectively.
出处
《中国环境监测》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第3期31-36,共6页
Environmental Monitoring in China
基金
国家自然科学基金(41275138)
中国科学院战略性先导项目(XDB05030101
XDA05100501)
关键词
PM2
5
烟花爆竹
空气污染
北京
春节
元宵节
PM2. 5
fireworks
air pollution
Beijing
Spring Festival
Lantern Festival
