摘要
基本信息元是矢量地理信息系统空间技术采集、存储和管理的基本单元。基本信息元是地理实体的集合，它们具有地理发生和动态变化的特征、相对均一的属性、清晰的边界和一定的面积。随着地表系统的变化，基本信息元也将随之变化并被更新。在ＧＩＳ中，多种空间数据可以叠加于基本信息元，将其所带的属性数据赋于信息元的属性数据库，而其边界保持相对固定。以综合地理学、地图制图学、关系代数为理论基础，可以用分析组合法、综合法进行基本信息元制图。基本信息元图可用于地理数据库建立、专题系列制图的统一协调、计算辅助制图、ＧＩＳ空间分析等。但ＢＰ图的自动生成、ＢＰ划分合理性的定量评价、基本信息元在ＧＩＳ软件开发中的应用等需要进一步研究。
Basic Polygon(BP)is essential unit for the generation,storage, management of spatial data in the vector based GIS,also it's the map unit that can't be plotted to less unit for thematic series mapping. From the view of synthetic geography,the BP is a group of geography entity, with its geo genesis and dynamics character, homogeneous attributes,distincted boundary,which can be plotted in map,and wits more or less area.Because of the changing of geography features,the BP will change and BP map should be updated.Based on appropriate algorithm and program,varied thematic map can be overlaid with BP and one or more attributes can be get into BP's attributes database without any changing of BP's boundary in the overlaying process. Research region can be mapped into series BP under the principle of synthetic geography and cartography.Study show that the BP can be used in geo data base building, computer assisted cartography, spatial analysis of GIS, etc. Some problems,such as automated mapping by digital map overlay or by computer processing of remotely digited data, quantitative analysing and calibration of BP map,application in GIS software developing and so on must be paid more attention to further researched.
