摘要
资源承载能力主要探讨人口与资源的关系，根据水资源的具体特性，对水资源承载力的内涵进行了探讨，提出了水资源作为人类社会所不可替代的宝贵资源，除人类生活所必不可少外，其承载能力的研究更大程度上在资源支持经济社会发展的潜在能力上；并在可持续发展理论指导下，以系统工程方法为依据，建立了区域水资源适度承载力分析计算模型，该模型着重从水资源的可能性出发，来研究水资源对区域经济的支持作用，回答水资源支持下的区域经济合理发展规模及在一定生活条件下的合理人口载量；最后以黄河下游沿黄地区为例，对上述模型进行了实例计算，结果表明，该模型概念清楚，计算简单，能够满足生产实际的需要。
Resource bearing capacity is focused on the relation between people and resources. According to the specific characteristics of water resource, the connotation of water resource bearing capacity is studied, and it is pointed out that as an unreplacable and valuable resource for human being, study of water resource bearing capacity should pay attention to great extent on the latent capacity supporting economy and society development besides living necessity of mankind. Guided by sustainable development theory and based on system engineering method, a model for analysis and calculation of appropriate bearing capacity of regional water resource is established. The model is for the reasonable development scale of regional economy under water resource support and the reasonable population bearing capacity in certain living standards, by taking and stressing the bearing probability of water resource as starting point to study the support effectiveness of water resource to regional economy. The model is tested and calculated by taking the area along the lower Yellow River as a practical example, and the results show that the modle is of clear concept and easy to calculate, and meets the demands of practice.
关键词
水资源
承载能力
可持续利用
人口载量
经济载量
water resource
bearing capacity
sustainable utilization
population carrying capacity
economic bearing capacity
