摘要
本文在恒定葡萄糖质量百分数 x=10%的条件下,应用电动势法测定无液体接界电池(A)和电池(B)的电动势:Pt,H_2(1.013×10~5 Pa)丨HCl(m),D-Glucose(x),H_2O(1-x)「AgCl-Ag (A)Pt,H_2(1.013×10~5Pa)丨HCl(m_A),NaCl(m_B),D-Glucose(x),H_2O(1-x)「AgCl-Ag (B)根据电池(A)电动势确定混合溶液中的 Ag-AgCl 电极的标准电极电势,讨论了 HCl 的迁移性质;利用电池(B)的电动势确定了 HCl 在该体系中的活度系数γ_A,结果表明,在恒定总离子强度下,HCl 的活度系数服从 Harned 规则.在溶液组成恒定时,lgγ_A 是温度倒数1/T 的线性函数,进一步讨论了混合物中 HCl 的相对偏摩尔焓,计算了 HCl 的介质效应.
This paper reports our study on thermodynamic properties of HCl—NaCl—D-Glucose—H_2O System by means of emf measurements of the cells without liquid junction,Pt,H_2(1.013×10~5Pa)丨HCl(m),D-Glucose(x),H_2O(1-x)丨Ag Cl-Ag(A)Pt,H_2(1.013×10~5Pa)丨HCl(m_A),NaCl(m_B),D-Glucose(x),H_2O(1-x)丨AgCl-Ag(B)at constant total ionic strengths I=0.5,1.0,1.5 and 2.0 mol·kg^-1,from 5 to 45℃,where m_A and m_B are the molalities of HCl and NaCl,respectively,x is the weightpercentage of D-Glucose in the mixed solution,which is 10% during all measurement.The standard electrode potential of Ag-AgCl in the mixed solution have been de-termined from equation (1) and date of cell (A) in table 1.The transfer properties ofHCl have been calculated and listed in table 2.from emf of cell (B),the activitycoefficients of HCl,γ_A in the system have been determined according to equation(13).The results show that the activity of HCl obeyes Harned Rule up to I=2.0 mol·kg^(-1)over a range 5—45℃.Under the condition of constant components of mixture,thelogarithm of HCl activity coefficients,lgγ_A are a linear function with reciprocal oftemperatures according to equation(14).The primary,secondary and total medium effectof HCl have been calculated and discussed(see table 5).
出处
《化学学报》
SCIE
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1991年第8期735-741,共7页
Acta Chimica Sinica
