4Wu Jizhou, Tang CY, Liang Renxiang, et al. Investigation of chronic infection and replication of HBV, HCV and HGV affecting on the familial cluster of HCC[J]. J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 1997, (Suppl) : 140.
5Murata S, Nomoto K, Hattori T, et al. Maternal transm ission of hepatitis B[J], N Engl J , 1977, 296: 692.
6Ryder RW, Whititle HC, Sanneh AB, et al. Persistent hepatitis B virus infection and hepatoma in the Gambia, west Africa[J]. Am J Epidemiology oiol, 1992, 13(9):1122.
7ShouJun ghao. A mathermatical model of hepatitis B virus transmission and its application for vaccination strategy in China [J]. Inter - JE pidemic, 2000,29: 744 - 752.