摘要
本试验对十八个安徽地方水禽品种(或类型)和引进品种羽绒理化性状进行了一些初步研究。结果表明:皖西白鹅平均产毛量最高,占体重的6.34%,且胸、腹、背、腿部优质羽毛占的比例也较大,分别占羽毛总量的18.07%、10.56%、24.37%和4.68%;绒占羽毛总量的16.58%。将羽绒、羽片、羽轴分离后,腹部绒、片、轴的比例分别为49.73%、33.53%和16.74%。绒朵的直径公鹅平均为28.05×21.13毫米,背部片毛绒的长度15.94毫米,均显著超过其他品种(P<0.01)。羽绒羽枝的直径较粗,公鹅平均18.02微米。皖西白鹅羽绒的自然水分含量,在室温21℃,相对湿度70%条件下平均为14.15%,低于其他品种,各部位混合羽毛样品的蓬松率较高,平均为275;透明度中等,平均为90,耗氧指数4.9毫克,均低于其他品种;pH值5.6;残脂率0.59%。均符合国家商检标准。
The physical and chemical characteristics of feather and fluff of 18 native Anhui and import water fowl breeds were examined. The results indicate that the individual feather and fluff yield of Wanxi White Goose (WWG) which occupied 6.34% of body weight, is the highest. The percentages of high grade quality feather and fluff from brest, belly, back and thighs(18.07%, 10.56%, 24.37% and 4.68% of total yield resp) are larger than those of the other breeds. The fluff accounts for 16.58% of the total feather and fluff yield. The weights of plumula, vexillum and scopus of feather from belly take 49.73%, 33.53% and 16.74%, respectively. The average diameter of plumula and the length of feather from back for the males of WW are 28.05×21.13mm and 15.94mm, resp ectively, which are evidently larger and longer than those of the other breeds by from 16.01% to 35.14% resp ectively, The diameter of the barbs of plumula of WW is larger (average18.02 μ and 19.02μ for male and female resp).Under indoor tempture 21℃ and relative humidity 70%, the natural water content of the feather and fluff of WW is 14.15%, which is lower than that of the rcst breeds. The rate of puffing of the mixture of the feather and fluff sample on all body parts for WWG is higher (average 275); and the transparency was medium(average 90); the oxygen consumption coefficient is 4.9mg, which is less than that of the rest breeds; the pH is 5.6; the retained grease is 0.59%. All the characteristics above are within the range of the Standards by the commercial Ispection Bureau of China.
关键词
羽绒
理化性状
禽
Feather
Fluff
Physical and Chemical Characteristics.
