摘要
本文采用XRD、IR、DTA TG、SEM和TEM等方法 ,较系统地研究了产于湖南临澧盆地第四纪多孔凝灰岩的矿物岩石学及其孔隙特征。该地多孔凝灰岩具典型的玻屑凝灰结构 ,主要由火山玻屑组成 ,并含少量或微量的石英、云母、长石及粘土等 ;化学成分具有高硅、富铝、丰钾、低铁等特征 ,为中酸性岩类、钙碱系列、铝过饱和的流纹质凝灰岩 ;已明显发生水化作用 ,部分火山玻屑可能形成一种介于玻屑和蒙脱石的中间相。与一般酸性流纹质凝灰岩相比 ,该多孔凝灰岩具有轻质多孔和高灼失量等特征 ,其孔隙度为 4 6.1 4 %～4 7.4 9% ,微孔孔径范围为 0 .0 4～ 2 0 .0 0 μm ,平均堆密度为 0 .56g/ml,是一种天然的微米孔级多孔非金属矿物原料。根据其物化特性 ,笔者已首次开发出凝灰岩助滤剂。
Some characteristics of porous tuff occurring in the Linli Basin of Hunan Province are studied systematically with respect to its mineralogy, petrology and porosity by means of XRD, IR, DTA\|TG, SEM and TEM. The local porous tuff exhibits typical hyalme fragment tuff texture, and is composed of hyalme fragments (>80%), minor quartz, mica and clay; chemically, it is characterized by high silicon and ignition loss, low aluminum and iron, rich potassium, belonging to the rhyolitic vitric tuff of the intermediate\|acid rock type,being of calc\|alkaline series, and oversaturation relative to aluminum. It has been hydrated obviously so that some of the volcanic hyalme fragments have turned into a kind of intermediate phase between hyalme fragments and montmorillonite. As compared with common rhyolitic vitric tuff, the porous tuff features light\|weight, porosity and high ignition loss. It is \{0.04\}～\{20.0\} μm in diameter, belonging to one of the micro\|sized porous nonmetallic ores (\{0.1\}～100 μm in pore diameter). The porosity is \{46.14%\}～\{47.49%\} and the average stacking density is \{0.56\} g/ml. According to its physical and chemical characteristics, a new kind of filter aids—tuff filter aids has been developed.
出处
《矿物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2001年第2期196-204,共9页
Acta Mineralogica Sinica
基金
湖南中青年专家基金 (湘科计字 1996 3 12 0 4)
湖南省"95"科技发展计划资助项目 (湘计科 1998 75 0 14 )
