摘要
对地质学几个领域近几十年的发展做了扼要的总结 ,指出了一些有突破性的进展 ,并提出了这些学科今后若干年可能的发展展望 ,论文涉及的学科包括矿物学、花岗岩、铁镁—超铁镁岩、变质岩、沉积学、多重地层分类与地质年代学、构造地质学以及板块构造学与大陆动力学。对于各学科并非全面的论述 ,而是指出其有重大意义的突破性进展 ,在矿物学方面强调了由于新技术的运用而大大地促进了矿物学的进展 ,矿物材料学和环境矿物学都是今后着重发展的方向。总结了当前对花岗岩的基本认识 ,指出应开展“岩浆系统”与“火山系统”的深层次研究 ;对于铁镁—超铁镁岩今后要加强壳幔物质的相互作用与深部过程的研究 ;总结了变质岩研究的三个阶段 ,今后要在重点地质区坚持长期深入系统的研究 ,特别是前寒武纪麻粒岩区和造山带。沉积学最近有较大发展 ,有三方面的意义 ,即层序地层学、沉积盆地分析和沉积地质流体 ;在地质年代方面列出了近年来总结出来的地质年代表 ;在构造地质学方面指出了大陆造山带伸展构造、韧性剪切带等研究热点以及从定性到定量的研究趋势 ;板块构造学是地球科学有史以来最伟大的成就 ,90年代是大陆构造研究的大发展时期。
The paper gives a brief summary on development of several disciplines in geology during the last decades of years. A few breakthroughs have been pointed out and future trends have been predicted. The disciplines involved are mineralogy, granite and mafic ultramafic rocks'petrology, metamorphic rocks' petrology, sedimentology, stratigraphic multiple classification, tectonics, and plate tectonics, and continental dynamics.No comprehensive description is intended. Only significant breakthroughs are pointed out. In mineralogy, development has been greatly advanced due to application of new technology, industry material and environmental mineralogy is a new trend for the future. In granite study, based on what has been known, an in depth study of 'magma system'and 'volcanic system'is in time for further development. In mafic ultramafic rocks studies, the interaction between crust and mantle and process in the deep should be strengthened; After a summary of three development phases in metamorphism study, it is pointed out that in site study should be insisted in areas of importance for a long time and in depth, especially in Precambrian granulite areas and orogens, In sedimentology, there are three aspects which have important development: sequential stratigraphy, basin analysis and sedimental geological fluid. A chronology table summarizing the geochronology development has been listed extentional structure, ductile shear belt are hot spots in structural geology and a new trend can be observed from qualitative study to quantitative measurement. The most spectacular achicvement in the history of Earth science is plate tectonics and it has been a flourishing period for the continental tectonics since 1990s.
出处
《地球科学进展》
CAS
CSCD
2001年第5期607-616,共10页
Advances in Earth Science
