摘要
目的 探讨膈神经干与喉返神经喉内段前支吻合治疗双侧声带麻痹的解剖学基础。方法 解剖并观察 12具 (2 4侧 )成年尸体、7只喉全切除术切除的喉体、12例 (2 4侧 )根治性颈淋巴结清扫术和 6例 (6侧 )膈神经替代修复喉返神经患者共 46侧膈神经的起源、走行、血供及毗邻关系 ,测量膈神经干相关的长度 ,图像分析仪观测 30侧膈神经、喉返神经前支相关的组织学参数。结果 颈段膈神经营养动脉均自膈神经根部进入 ,来自于颈升动脉的占 95 6 % (4 4/4 6 )。膈神经干位置较深 ,在颈根部位于颈总动脉、椎静脉外侧 ,颈内静脉及胸导管 (左 )深面 ;在胸腔入口处跨过锁骨下动脉在锁骨下静脉深面下行。膈神经起点至锁骨下静脉上缘平面及至环甲关节的距离平均 ( x±s)分别为(7 2± 1 6 )cm及 (5 5± 1 4)cm ,两者相差至少 1 5cm。膈神经干平均有髓纤维数及神经束截面积分别为喉返神经前支的 2 41及 2 15倍 ,膈神经颈段单个神经束约占 75 0 % (18/2 4)。结论 临床上在胸腔入口解剖膈神经干安全可行 。
Objective To study the anatomic basis for the anastomosis of phrenic nerve (PN) to the anterior branch of recurrent laryngeal nerve(RLN) for the treatment of the injured bilateral RLN. Methods The origin and the nutritive arteries and the adjacent tissue construction of PNs in 46 cases were studied. The longest utilizable length of PNs and the distance from the root of PN to cricothyroid joint were measured. The sectional area and the number of myelinated fibers of PNs and the anterior branch of RLNs were measured by computer image processing system. Results PNs coming from C4 comprised of 93.5%, 95.6% (44/46) of the nutritive arteries came from the ascending carotid artery and got into the cervical segment of PN from its root. The common trunk of PN was very deep, to the external of the common carotid artery and the vertebral vein, and deep to the internal jugular vein and thoracic duct (left), and in the superficies of the subclavian artery and in the deep of the subclavian vein when it was crossing the thoracic entrance. The distance from the root of PN to the level of the subclavian vein and to cricothyroid joint were (7.2±1.6) cm and (5.5±1.4) cm, respectively. The former was at least 1.5 cm longer than the latter. The average number of myelinated fibers and the sectional area of the PNs were 2.41 times and 2.15 times as many as those of the anterior branch of RLNs, respectively. The single- fasciculated PNs comprised of about 75.0% (18/24)). Conclusion Clinically, it may be safe and available for cutting PN off at the level of the subclavian vein. The length of PN is enough for the anastomosis of PN to the anterior branch of RLN.
出处
《中华耳鼻咽喉科杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2002年第1期15-19,T001,共6页
Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
关键词
隔神经
喉返神经
局部解剖学
声带麻痹
喉切除术
神经再生
Phrenic nerve
Recurrent laryngeal nerve
Anatomy,regional
Vocal cord paralysis
Laryngectomy
Nerve regeneration
