摘要
路南石林是世界上六大剑状喀斯特景观地区中最大的一处 ,总面积达35 0 km2 。测量统计资料表明 ,本区主要发育 NE、NW、NNW和 NWW向四组区域性高角度裂隙。隙宽多在 0 .0 2 5～ 0 .0 75 mm之间 ,隙间距相对较大 ,多在 0 .5～3.0 m之间。各向异性渗透系数相对较小 (<0 .2 m/ d) ,总体上有玄武岩 >第三系 >栖霞灰岩 >茅口灰岩。最大渗透主轴方向以 NW— SE为主 ,倾角大。来自非可溶岩盖层内的具很强侵蚀性的裂隙水 ,对进入成熟演化阶段的裂隙系统快速溶蚀动力学过程的产生起重要作用 ,为石林快速发育创造条件。质纯层厚的碳酸盐岩高角度裂隙系统和盖层所提供的强侵蚀性裂隙水是石林的形成过程中两个极其重要的因素。
WT5BZ]Lunan Stone Forest covers an area of 350 km 2, and is by far the largest area of pinnacle karst in the world. There are four sets (NE, NW, NNW and NWW) of well developed fractures with high degree dip in this area. Aperture of fracture is 0.025~0.075mm, and spacing of fracture ranges from 0.5m to more than 3m. It is calculated that most value of anisotropic permeability is less than 0.2m/d with a predominant maximum axis(NW SE), which in different stratigraphic units is Basalt(P 2 β )>Sand mudstone(E)>Qixia limestone(P 1 q )>Maokou limestone(P 1 m ). Aggressive percolating water from overlying Basalt or Tertiary mudstone is very important for the forming of fast dissolution kinetics in mature stage of karstification. It is concluded that the high dip fracture systems and the aggressive allogenic water are two major control factors for the development of the Stone Forest to form dramatic and spectacular landscape.
出处
《中国岩溶》
CAS
CSCD
2001年第2期97-100,共4页
Carsologica Sinica
基金
石林研究基金项目"路南石林非可溶岩盖层下的岩溶动力系统特征"
IGCP448"全球岩溶生态系统对比"资助
