摘要
以冬小麦—夏玉米轮作模式为例 ,比较了光合细菌、有机肥、无机肥及其混合使用对土壤中生物群落、土壤理化性质及土壤养分和产量的影响。结果表明 ,光合细菌无论是单独使用还是同其他肥混用 ,都会在土壤中表现出一定的增殖特性 ,并使土壤中生物总量增加 ,从而促进土壤中物质的循环和能量流动。同时光合细菌还使土壤容重下降 ,阳离子代换量增加 ,土壤中全氮、全磷、速效氮、速效钾增加 ,从而改善了土壤的结构和营养状况 ,使产量增加。尤以光合细菌与有机肥复合使用效果最佳 ,与单用有机肥相比 ,土壤中微生物总量增加 13.7% ,光合细菌增加 118.9% ,固氮菌增加 14 .6 % ,放线菌增加 18.98% ;在 0～ 2 0和 2 0～ 4 0cm土层容重分别下降 11.4 %和 13.3% ,阳离子代换量增加 7.9%和 5 .2 % ,有机质含量增加 16 .6 %和 2 4 .2 % ,土壤全氮增加 3.9%和 2 6 .3% ,全磷增加 2 .9%和 4 .2 % ,碱解氮含量增加 11.8%和 8.2 % ,速效磷含量增加 5 .1%和 8.6 % ,速效钾增加l0 .9%和 13.4 % ,作物产量增加 10 .1%。
Effects on microbial community, the physicochemical Properties and nutrition of soil, as well as crops yield by photosynthetic bacterial, organic and inorganic fertilizer were compared in term of the rotation model of winter wheat and summer corn, the results show that photosynthetic bacteria, used alone or mixed with other fertilizer can reproduce in soil,which leads to the increase of total microbial biomass and the numbers of azotobacter, and antinnomyces, so substance cycle and energy flow of soil was advanced.At the same time the unit weight of soil was decreased, and the capacity of caution replacement, total nitrogen, total phosphate, quick acting nitrogen, and quick acting potassium were increased. The structure and nutrient conditions of soil was advanced with treatment of organic fertilizer. the total microbial biomass increased 13.7%, the number of photosynthetic bacteria 118.9%, azotobacter 14.6%, actinomyces 18.98% in the soil layer of 0～20cm and 20～40cm, unit weight decreased 11.4% and 10.3%, the capacity of caution replacement increased 7.9% and 5.2% and organic substance increased 16.6 % and 24.2% respectively.
出处
《山西农业科学》
2002年第1期52-56,共5页
Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences
