摘要
目的 了解中国学校健康教育和学生营养工作开展情况以及有关部门对开展此项工作的需求。方法 采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样的方法 ,从 6省 (直辖市 )下属的 1 2个市 (县 )中选取 57所中小学校 ,通过问卷调查、专题小组讨论、访谈等调查方法 ,分别对学生、家长、教师、学校饮食服务人员以及教育主管领导和学校领导等进行调查。结果 91 .1 %的学校有关于开展健康教育课的制度或要求 ,部分地区制定了健康教育规划 ;多数学校有健康教育课 ;任课教师多为兼职教师 ,多未经专业培训 ;教学方式以课堂讲授为主 ;社会各界对健康教育课的重视程度不够 ;学生、家长、教师和学校饮食服务人员的营养知识水平普遍较低 ,希望通过各种途径获得健康知识。结论 中国学校健康教育中存在着一些问题和困难 ,需要及时得到解决 ,社会各界应加强对健康教育和学生营养工作的重视 ,教育部门需要加强健康教育课程改革 ,推广健康促进学校。定性研究是社会科学研究中经常使用的方法 ,近年来越来越多地应用到卫生领域当中。定性研究常用的方法包括专题小组讨论、访谈和观察。在对研究课题了解甚少时 ,在研究内容比较敏感时 ,在了解人们的认识、动机和看法时 ,可以使用定性研究。定性研究的特点是灵活 。
Objective To assess school health education and student nutrition work in China and needs of sectors involved for them. Methods With a stratified multi-stage cluster random sampling method, 57 elementary and high schools of 12 cities (counties) were selected for this study in 6 provinces. Students and their parents, teachers, food-service workers, school administrative personnel and administrative personnel in educational sectors were surveyed with different methods including questionnaires, focus group discussion and interview. Results Approximately 90% of the schools had the policy for health education. Some regions had developed the plans for health education. Most schools had health education class. Most health education teachers were part-time teachers and were not trained for health education. Lecture was the major teaching method in implementation of school health education. People had not paid much attention to school health education. The health and nutrition knowledge levels of students, parents, teachers and school food service personnel were quite low; they all expressed a desire for getting more information on health and nutrition. Conclusions Some problems and difficulties occurred in school health education and student nutrition work in China should be solved. People should pay more attention to health education and nutrition. The reform of school health education should be deepened, and health promoting school should be popularized.
出处
《中国学校卫生》
CAS
北大核心
2002年第1期6-8,共3页
Chinese Journal of School Health
基金
联合国儿童基金会 (编号YE58:0 1 .4)资助项目
关键词
学生保健服务
中国
健康教育
学生营养工作
Nutrition
Study characteristics
Health education
Student health services
