摘要
黑河流域水资源极其匮乏 ,加之地区上的配置不均衡和中游地区水土资源的过度开发导致了黑河下游严重生态环境问题 ,已影响到我国北方广大地区生态环境质量 ,受到国家的高度重视和全社会的广泛关注。黑河水资源开发利用主要集中在中游地区 ,该区是全国重要的商品粮、蔬菜和经济作物生产基地之一 ,耗水量占流域耗水量的 85 %以上 ,是黑河的主要耗水区和径流利用区。本文利用黑河上游控制站莺落峡站和中游控制站正义峡站水文资料 ,分析了黑河中游耗水量的变化 ,结果表明 :2 0世纪 80年代以前黑河中游耗水量在 4.2 0× 10 8m3 左右 ,比较稳定 ;进入 2 0世纪 80年代以来耗水量明显增加 ,80年代耗水量比 40年代末期至 70年代增加了 2 .0× 10 8～ 2 .5×10 8m3 左右 ;90年代耗水量又比 80年代增加了 1.6 0× 10 8m3 左右。 80年代以来流域耗水量呈明显增加的趋势 。
Located in the middle part of the Hexi Corridor, Heihe River is one of the main continental stream systems rising in Qilian Mountain, it is the second longest continental river, second only to Tarim River, in China. Some serious ecological environment problems occur at the lower reaches of Heihe River due to the shortage and regional badly-distribution of water resources and the excessive exploitation of water and land resources in the area at its middle reaches, the quality of the ecological environment over vast north China has been impated and paid a great attention to. The exploitation and utilization of water resources in the watershed are mainly concentrated in the area at its middle reaches where it is one of the important production bases of commodity grain and vegetables in China, the water consumption occupies over 85% of the tatal in the watershed. In this paper, the change of water consumption in the area at the middle reaches is analyzed by using the hydrological data collected by Yingluoxia Hydrometric Station at the upper reaches and by Zhengyixia Hydrometric Station at the middle reaches. The results show that the water consumption, about 420 million m 3,in the area at the middle reaches of Heihe River was relatively stable before the 1980's; it has been obviously increased since the 1980's, was increased for 200～250 million m 3 in the 1980's than that from the end of 1940's to the 1970's; it was further increased for about 160 million m 3 in the 1990's than that in the 1980's. This increase tendency is mainly caused by human activities.
出处
《干旱区研究》
CSCD
2002年第1期18-22,共5页
Arid Zone Research
