摘要
以历史时期沙尘暴活动的资料为依据 ,论证了沙尘暴成生条件和影响因素。特定时期的寒潮是沙尘暴发生的动力 ,它与处在特定状态的粉尘相结合是沙尘暴发生的必要条件。温度和降水量对沙尘暴的生成有重要影响。虽然沙尘暴的活动与冷空气活动有关 ,但最寒冷的冬季沙尘暴活动弱 ,温度适中的春季沙尘暴活动强。在沙尘来源区 ,沙尘暴主要活动期的温度比年均温高 2℃～ 3℃。在沙尘堆积区 ,沙尘暴主要活动期的温度比当地年平均温低 1℃～ 2℃。降水少 ,沙尘暴活动强。然而沙尘暴主要不是形成于降水最少的冬季 ,而是主要形成于降水量较少的春季。沙尘暴活动期的降水量一般比同一地区年平均降水量低约 30 %。
On the basis of the material of sand-dust storm occurrence in historical periods, the formation conditions and affecting factors of sand-dust storm is discussed. Cold wave in certain periods is the formation motive force, and combining with the sand and dust in particular state is the necessary conditions of sand-dust storm occurrence. Temperature and precipitation affect greatly the formation of sand-dust storm. Although formation of sand-dust storm is related to the moverment of cold wave, its moverment is weak in the cold winter with the lowest temperature and strong in the spring with moderate temperature. The temperature in main activity periods of sand-dust storm is 2℃ higher than the average annual temperature in its origin areas, and 1～2℃ lower than the average annual temperature in its deposition areas. If precipitation is a little, moverment of sand-dust storm is strong. However, sand-dust storm does not occur mainly in winter with the least precipitation but occurs mainly in spring with less precipitation. The precipitation in activity periods of sand-dust storm is about 30% less than the average annual precipitation in the areas.
出处
《干旱区研究》
CSCD
2002年第1期58-62,共5页
Arid Zone Research
基金
教育部人文社科重大项目 ( 2 0 0 0ZDXM 770 0 13)
国家自然科学基金项目 ( 4 0 0 710 0 6 )研究成果
