摘要
在所构造的海气耦合模式中，采用Ｚｅｂｉａｋ海洋模式框架，并重建了一个海洋数值模式，大气模式采用了Ｇｉｌｌ模式。在大气模式中保留了时间发展项，潜热加热采用了Ｋｌｅｅｍａｎ方案。对模式的积分结果表明，海温异常具有３—７年的准周期振荡。在模式Ｅｌ Ｎｉｏ事件的初始阶段，西风异常，海温正距平（ＳＳＴＡ）首先在赤道西太平洋发生，然后向东传播、加强。在模式ＥＮＳＯ循环的位相转换过程中，ＳＳＴＡ的空间分布共有４种不同类型。模式模拟的Ｅｌ Ｎｉｏ。事件的初始阶段有两种发展类型，它们是：在初始阶段中西太平洋和东太平洋沿岸各有海表温度的正异常发生。在以后的发展中，一种情况是这两块正 ＳＳＴＡ都发展连成一片，形成Ｅｌ Ｎｉｏ事件；另一种情况是中西太平洋地区的正 ＳＳＴＡ衰减，中东太平洋地区的正 ＳＳＴＡ加强，向西传播，形成 Ｅｌ Ｎｉｏ事件。模式模拟的 Ｌａ Ｎｉａ事件的初始阶段也有两种发展类型，它们的发展过程和Ｅｌ Ｎｉｏ事件初始阶段的发展过程相似。
A simple tropical Pacific atmosphere-ocean coupled model has been developed based on the ocean equations of Zebiak-Cane's coupled model and atmospheric model of Gill's system. In the coupled model, the latent heating method is the same as Kleeman's. The results for the integration of this simple coupled model show that the model reproduces the key features of the observed ENSO cycle, including the ocurrence of warm events in irregular intervals with a preference for three to seven years, the westerly anomaly and SSTA along the equatorial Pacific during the initial El Ni■o event period oc- cur in the tropical western Pacific first, and then propagate eastward and increase in their propagating, and there are four SSTA field patterns in the phase transition of model ENSO cycle. Two El Ni■o event types: at the beginning stage of an El Ni■o event, there are two positive SSTA occurrences over the western-control and control-eastern equatorial Pacific respectively. After that, their development goes in different ways. One is that these two positive SSTA areas join together to form El Ni■o event. The other is that the positive SSTA over the control-eastern equatorial Pacific is strengthened and propa- gates westward, and finally an El Ni■o event is reproduced, and at the same time the one over the west- ern-control equatorial Pacific decays. Two La Nifia events types: the two La Nifia events in the coupled model develops in two ways, similar to the two El Ni■o events.
出处
《大气科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2002年第2期193-205,共13页
Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences
基金
国家重点基础研究发展规划项目G1998040900第一部分
中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目KZCX2-208
