摘要
肠道菌群是人体微生态学的重要组成部分,也是最大、最复杂的微生态系统,在宿主的营养吸收、肠道与免疫系统发育等重要生理过程中发挥作用,与人类健康和疾病密切相关。这些共生微生物排除肠道病原体的功能主要依赖于其产生的生物活性物质,如多不饱和脂肪酸等。同时这些脂肪酸在肠道微生物的作用下能够进一步转化为具有特殊结构和功能的多不饱和脂肪酸衍生物。这些多不饱和脂肪酸衍生物对维持健康稳定的肠道菌群至关重要。此外,多不饱和脂肪酸在宿主防御和免疫中发挥了多重关键作用,包括抗癌、抗炎、抗氧化活性,以及降低肠道致病菌的竞争能力等。主要对肠道中多不饱和脂肪酸的来源及其重要的生理功能,以及肠道微生物对多不饱和脂肪酸的转化衍生机制进行了综述,并提出肠道微生物是特殊多不饱和脂肪酸及衍生物生产菌株潜在的种子及基因库,以扩展功能油脂生产菌株的来源。
Gut microbiota is an important part of human micro-ecology,and also the largest and most complex microbial ecosystem.Gut microbiota were recently proposed to have an important role in the host nutrient absorption,the development of the intestinal immune system,and other important physiological processes;so they are closely related to human health and disease.The exclusion of enteric pathogens by these commensal microbes partially depends upon the production of bioactive compounds such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs)et al.At the same time,these fatty acids can be further transformed into polyunsaturated fatty acid derivatives with special structure and function under the action of enteric microorganisms.These key enteric microbial byproducts are critical to maintaining a healthy gut flora.In addition,PUFAs play multiple key roles in host defense and immunity,including anti-inflammation and anti-oxidative activity,as well as the competition of intestinal pathogens.The source of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the intestinal tract and its important physiological functions,and further introduces the transformation and derivation mechanism of intestinal microorganisms to polyunsaturated fatty acids were mainly reviewed.And it pointed out that enteric microorganisms are the production strain seed bank of special polyunsaturated fatty acids and derivatives,so increase the microbial species of functional oils production.
作者
左正三
郭东升
纪晓俊
宋萍
黄和
ZUO Zheng-san;GUO Dong-sheng;JI Xiao-jun;SONG Ping;HUANG He(Nanjing North Shengrong Energy Technology Co.Ltd,Nangjing 211178,China;College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering,Nanjing Teeh University,Nanjing 211816,China;School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing 211816,China)
出处
《中国生物工程杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第11期66-75,共10页
China Biotechnology
基金
江苏省高等学校自然科学研究面上项目(17KJB530006)
江苏高校品牌专业建设工程(PPZY2015B155)资助项目
关键词
多不饱和脂肪酸
肠道微生物
生物转化
羟基脂肪酸
Polyunsaturated fatty acids
Enteric microorganism
Biotransformation
Hydroxyl fatty acids
