摘要
为客观认识打磨、抛光、切削等不同机加过程中粉尘爆炸危险性,开发一种既使用哈特曼管也使用20L球形爆炸测试装置改进的粉尘爆炸筛分测试方法。用此法对常见机加过程产生的85种铝及铝合金粉尘样品展开测试。分析不同加工方法对粉尘爆炸性的影响,使用X射线荧光法(XRF)分析粉尘在不同铝和铁含量下的爆炸性差异。利用热重分析-差示扫描量热法(TG-DSC)研究铝粉尘氧化程度和粉尘爆炸性的关系。研究表明:用所改进的方法,可将粉尘分为易爆、可爆、未爆等3类;抛光、打磨等机加过程粉尘爆炸危险性较高;各工业粉尘样品中易爆粉尘大多有40%以上铝含量或70%以上铁含量,可爆粉尘大多有40%以上铁含量;铝粉尘的爆炸危险与其氧化程度负相关,当单质含量小于5.0%时铝粉尘已不再具有爆炸危险性。
Grinding,polishing,cutting and other machining processes generate high volumes of fine metallic dust.Due to different material and processing methods,the explosion risks of these kinds of industrial dust are uncertain.An improved dust explosion screening test method based on both Hartmann tube and 20L siwek sphere was worked out and used to test 85kinds of aluminum and its alloy dust generated in common machining process.XRF was performed to analyze the dust explosibility with different aluminum and iron content.The relationship between oxidation degree and dust explosibility was studied by using TG-DSC. The results show that the dust can be divided into three categories:certainly explosible,possibly explosible, and not explosible,that the explosion risk of dust is affected by particle size,composition,and oxidation among others,that most of the certainly explosible dust samples have more than 40%aluminum content or more than 70%iron content,and most of the possibly explosible dust have more than 40%iron content,and that the explosion risk of aluminum dust is inversely related to the degree of oxidation and dust samples are no longer explosible when the elemental content is less than 5.0%.
作者
韩波
李刚
马赫
苑春苗
HAN Bo;LI Gang;MA He;YUAN Chunmiao(School of Resources &Civil Engineering,Northeastern University,Shenyang Liaoning 110819,China)
出处
《中国安全科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第9期51-55,共5页
China Safety Science Journal
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0804703)
国家自然科学基金资助(51774068)
