摘要
在先秦科学著作《墨经》中较为集中表述了力学知识,其中《经上》21:"力,形之所以奋也"(1),其内涵涉及"力"的概念,前人的释义多达百条,对关键字"奋"的解读,戴念祖等学者就形成了体力说、"力"认知说、能量说、"力"定义说等,但这些解说是不是《墨经》原意?在分析、阐释诸位学者观点时,本文运用"以中释中"方法,结合科学概念"力"产生的条件以及国人引进和认识的情况,根据训诂学知识,笔者认为:《墨经》中的"力"是我国先民对"力"的体验,是对该科学概念的启蒙认识;如用现代西方力学的定义去解读,则有以今代古、以西释中之虞。
The mechanics knowledge was more concentrated in The Mohist Canons of pre -Qin scientific works.Among them,Twenty -first of The Canon 1:"force,is the deep -rooted cause for the movement of an object".It involved in the intension of "force".There were hundreds of interpretations of predecessors.Based on the interpretation of the keyword "Fen",the scholars such as Dai Nianzu formed the theory of physical strength,the cognitive view of "force",the theory of energy,and the definition of "force".But were these explanations the original intention of The Mohist Canons?Analyzing and interpreting the views of scholars,the author used the method of "interpreting Chinese with Chinese",combining the conditions that the scientific concept "force"produced and situation that the Chinese people introduced and recognized.According to the knowledge of exegesis,this article believed that the "force"in The Mohist Canons was the experience of our ancestors on "force",was an enlightenment of the scientific concept.If we used the definition of modern western mechanics "force"to interpret it,there were worries that nowadays instead of ancient and western view ecxplanated China view.
作者
张波
ZHANG Bo(Institute for the History of Science and Technology,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Hohhot 010022;College of Polities and Law,Pingdingshan University,Pingdingshan,467000,China)
出处
《自然辩证法研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第12期99-105,共7页
Studies in Dialectics of Nature
关键词
《墨经》
奋
力
力学
训诂学
戴念祖
The Mohist Canons
Fen
force
mechanics
exegetics
Dai Nianzu
