摘要
【目的】运用景观绩效评价方法,针对已建成的园林景观项目,从可持续发展的角度进行环境、经济和社会3方面定量、定性的效益评价,分析景观设计中存在的问题和不足。【方法】以苏南地区南京市后石塘村水系景观为案例,建立相对应的景观评价指标体系,根据现场调研、实验测定、问卷调查以及数据统计等方法,采集和整理水系景观环境绩效、经济绩效和社会绩效的度量及评价结果。【结果】(1)在环境效益中,与地形密切结合的梯级水系长廊布局增加了总蓄水量,滨水植物种植美化环境、净化水质并调节小气候,增加了碳汇量。(2)在经济效益中,水域的扩展使得村庄内的渔业收入增长显著;水系景观的改善对村庄旅游业的发展有积极影响,为村民创造了多种就业渠道和岗位,使得村民收入增加,对村庄房地产价值的提升具有正面影响。(3)在社会效益中,水系景观的改善提升了村庄的景观视觉质量,增加了水系景观的游憩价值,丰富了乡村滨水空间可开展活动类型,村民的环境保护意识得到了普遍提高,村庄的综合吸引力显著提升。【结论】景观绩效的评价中,以定量和定性的方法分析景观设计能够为实际项目所创造的价值,可为评估项目预期设计目标的实现程度提供数据支持,客观评价项目的可持续发展情况,并为景观建设项目的未来优化设计提供科学、准确、有效的建议。
[Objective]The purpose of this study was to investigate the environmental,economic,and social performance benefits of landscape projects by using the landscape performance assessment(LPA)method,which is based on the measurement of sustainability through quantitative and qualitative assessment.The problems and shortcomings of the landscape design were analyzed using the evaluation results.[Method]The water system landscape of Nanjing Houshitang Village south of Jiangsu was used as a case study.It was necessary to establish a metric system suitable for the LPA of the rural water system landscape and then examine the environmental,economic,and social performance through field investigation,experiments,questionnaire survey,and data statistics.[Result]① Environmental benefits: the terraced water system,which is closely integrated with the topography,increases the total water storage capacity,and the waterfront vegetation not only beautifies the environment,purifies the water,and adjusts the microclimate but also increases carbon sequestration.② Economic benefits: the expansion of the water area resulted in a significant increase in the fishery income of the village.Improvement of the water system landscape had positive effects on rural tourism deve-lopment;provided a variety of jobs for the villagers,thereby increasing their income;and increased property values in the village.③ Social benefits: improvement of the water system landscape enhanced the visual quality of the village,increased the recreation value,and enriched rural waterfront activities.The environmental awareness of the villagers has improved,and the comprehensive attraction of the village increased significantly.[Conclusion]The LPA method can illustrate the actual landscape values through quantitative and qualitative assessment and measure the efficiency with which landscape solutions fulfill their intended purpose and contribute toward sustainability.Scientific,accurate,and effective suggestions may guide and optimize the landscape design in the future.
作者
赵岩
吴雄
黄栩
ZHAO Yan;WU Xiong;HUANG Xu(College of Landscape Architecture,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China)
出处
《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第6期174-178,共5页
Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition
基金
江苏省高校优秀中青年教师和校长境外研修计划基金项目(2014)
江苏高校品牌专业建设工程资助项目(PPZY2015A063)
关键词
乡村水系景观
景观绩效评价
可持续发展
景观设计
苏南地区
rural water landscape
landscape performance assessment
sustainability
landscape design
south of Jiangsu
