摘要
目的分析2006—2016年北京市顺义区麻疹流行病学特征,为调整北京市顺义区麻疹控制策略提供基础数据。方法通过传染病报告信息管理系统收集2006—2016年北京市顺义区麻疹报告病例,采用描述流行病学方法分析麻疹病例的三间分布及暴发疫情特征。结果2006—2016年北京市顺义区共报告麻疹确诊病例763例,年均发病率为7.87/10万,2012年发病率最低(0.11/10万),2014年最高(15.14/10万)。3—6月为历年麻疹发病的高峰期。2006—2010年北京人口与外省人口的发病率比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);2011、2013—2016年差异均无统计学意义(均P<0.05)。0~4岁组麻疹发病率最高(72.07/10万),>40岁组最低(1.69/10万)。麻疹发病人群主要集中在散居儿童、工人、家政家务及待业和学生等人群。2009—2016年麻疹疫苗免疫史不详者及无免疫史者占84.7%。2006—2016年共发生麻疹暴发疫情21起。结论2006—2016年北京市顺义区麻疹疫情呈周期性流行,为实现消除麻疹的目标,建议进一步加强常规免疫工作,提高疫苗的及时接种率,并加强对学校、托幼机构及成人集体单位的监测。
[Objective]To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Shunyi District of Beijing from 2006-2016, provide basic data for adjusting measles control strategy in Shunyi District of Beijing.[Methods]Date of measles cases in Shunyi District of Beijing from 2006-2016 were collected through the infectious disease reporting information management system. Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the spatial,temporal and population distribution of measles cases and characteristics of measles outbreaks.[Results]From 2006-2016,a total of 763 measles cases were reported and the average annual incidence was 7.87/lakh,with the lowest incidence in 2012(0.11/lakh) and highest incidence in 2014(15.14/lakh). The peak season of measles appeared March to June. The difference in incidence rate was statistically significant between local population and floating population from 2006-2010,and there was no statistically significant difference between 2011 and 2013 to 2016. The incidence of measles was highest in 0-4 year-old age group (72.07/lakh )and lowest in >40 year-old age group (1.69/lakh). Most of measles cases were scattered children,workers,household population,unemployed people and students. From 2009-2016,84.7% of the cases had unknown or unvaccinated immunization. There were 21 measles outbreaks from 2006-2016.[Conclusion]From 2006-2016,the measles shows a periodic epidemic situation in Shunyi District of Beijing. In order to achieve the goal of eliminating measles,it is necessary to strengthen routine immunization,improve the timely vaccination rate, and strengthen surveillance of schools,kindergartens and adult collective units.
作者
彭枭然
郭凯茜
王凤双
PENG Xiao-ran;GUO Kai-xi;WANG Feng-shuang(Immunization Programme Department,Shunyi Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing,101300,China;Department of Public Health and Health Management,Yanjing Medical College,Capital Medical University,Beijing,101300,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2018年第23期3249-3253,共5页
Occupation and Health
关键词
麻疹
流行病学
暴发
消除
Measles
Epidemiology
Outbreak
Elimination
