摘要
目的了解新建医院的医务人员感染性职业暴露特点,找出职业暴露高风险点,针对性地制定职业安全防护措施。方法回顾性调查清华大学附属北京清华长庚医院2015年1月-2017年10月发生职业暴露情况,包括人员性别、年龄、工龄、职业、暴露场所、暴露时间、暴露的部位、环节、暴露源感染情况等方面,采用SPSS 16.0进行统计学分析。结果共59例感染性职业暴露,其中锐器伤52例(88.1%),血液体液暴露7例(11.9%)。发生职业暴露人员以护士居多(45名,76.3%),其次是医生(11名,18.6%);年龄中位数26岁;工作年限中位数2年。暴露地点以病房为主(26例,44.1%),其次是手术室(17例,28.8%)。锐器伤部位以手指为主(44例,84.6%)。锐器以针头为主(38例,73.1%),锐器被污染的比例占80.4%。暴露原因主要是自己(41例,77.5%)。暴露源病原体以乙肝为主(27例,45.8%)。院感办追踪随访暴露者,目前未发现感染现象。结论新建医院开业前应建立完善的职业暴露管理体系,对暴露高风险点进行控制,加强职业安全防护培训,规范操作,减少感染发生。
Objective To investigate the characteristics of infectious occupational exposure among medical staff in newly-built hospitals,find out the high risk points of occupational exposure,and formulate occupational safety protection measures accordingly.Methods A retrospective survey in Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital during January 2015 to October 2017 was carried out on occupation exposure,including gender,age,working years,occupation,exposure time,exposure sites,exposed sites and links,exposure to the source of infection and other aspects of the data,using SPSS 16.0 statistical analysis.Results There were 59 infectious occupational exposures.Among 59 infectious occupational exposures,52 cases (88.1%) were sharp instrument injuries,7 cases (11.9%)were blood and body fluid exposure.Occupational exposure occurred mainly in nurses (45 cases,76.3%),followed by doctors (11 cases,18.6%).The median age was 26years,and the median length of work was 2 years.The location of exposure was mainly ward (26 cases,44.1%),followed by operation room (17 cases,28.8%).The location of sharp instrument injuries was mainly finger (44 cases, 84.6%).Sharps.were mainly needles (38 cases,73.1%),and the proportion of sharp instruments was 80.4%. The main causes of exposure were themselves (41cases,77.5%).Hepatitis B was the main pathogen of exposure (27 cases,45.8%).No nosocomial infection was not found at follow-up.Conclusions New hospitals should establish a perfect occupational exposure management system,control the high-risk points,strengthen the occupational safety protection training,standardize the operation,and reduce the incidence of infection.
作者
林金兰
王娟
王梅青
冯雷
何纪毅
Lin Jinlan;Wang Juan;Wang Meiqing;Feng Lei;He Jiyi(Nosocomial Infection Control Office,Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital Affiliated to Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218,China;Department of Medical Service,Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital Affiliated to Tsinghua University,Beijing 102218,China)
出处
《中华现代护理杂志》
2018年第30期3706-3708,共3页
Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing
关键词
医务人员
职业暴露
新建医院
高风险点
Medical staff
Occupational exposure
Newly-built hospital
High risk point
