摘要
通过总结国内外有关螨害成因及综合防控方面的研究文献,分析与螨害发生、发展、危害与控制相关的主要因素,这些因素主要包括害螨抗药性的发展、设施农业主栽作物单一化、抗虫品种的培育和推广、栽培措施(尤其是施水方式)、设施农业的小环境(温湿度)的特殊性等;而防治策略的失效主因在于单一依赖化学防治导致害螨抗药性迅速发展,此外利用高毒化学杀虫剂进行防治不仅迅速失效,还会对人类的健康造成较大的危害,其负作用非常明显;设施农业中螨害控制的希望在于作物种类和品种的多样化,增加使用专一性高、毒性较低的杀虫剂,从而减轻对天敌的杀伤,发展平衡的生态农业。在今后的植保研究工作中将进一步加强综合治理的防治措施,为执行可持续发展策略,实现高效、安全的设施农业生产提供参考依据。
This review summarizes domestic and overseas research on the outbreak causes and control strategy of pest mites.The main factors of the pest mites outbreak are the development of drug-resistance of pest mites, the simplification of crop varieties in facility agriculture,the cultivation and promotion of pest-resistant varieties,the cultivation practices (especially the way of water supply),the special micro-environment of facility agriculture (temperature and humidity),etc.;and the main reason for the failure of the control strategy is that single chemical control leads to the rapid development of the drug-resistance of the pest mites.In addition,the use of high toxic chemical pesticides is not only unsafe,but also a great harm to human health, and its negative effect is obvious.Therefore,the pest mites control in facility agriculture lies in cropping diversity,using specific insecticide,reducing side effects on the natural enemies and developing balanced ecological agricuhure ecosystem.In the future,the comprehensive prevention and control measures should be enhanced in plant protection research,to provide references for the sustainable agriculture development,and safe and efficient facility agriculture production.
作者
杜升
付雪
叶乐夫
王佳佳
马艳龙
Du Sheng;Fu Xue;Ye Lefu;Wang Jiajia;Ma Yanlong(College of Agricultural Resource and Environment,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080;College of Agronomy,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030)
出处
《中国农学通报》
2018年第34期113-117,共5页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
国家重点研发计划"粮食丰产增效科技创新"重点专项课题"黑龙江省春玉米
粳稻丰产增效模式构建与超高产关键技术研究"(2017YFD0300506)
东北农业大学"518501/学术骨干"项目
国家自然科学基金青年项目(31100304)
关键词
设施农业
危害
影响
防治
facility agriculture
harm
impact
prevention and control
