摘要
准确评估西南地区参考作物蒸散量ET0对作物耗水量分析,作物生产潜力评价及区域水资源管理等具有重要意义。本文应用西南地区近56 a逐日气象数据,利用FAO-56 Penman-Monteith模型计算ET0,通过MannKendall检测、变化趋势分析及基于敏感系数的贡献率分析,对近56 a西南地区ET0及相关气象因子的年内变化特征与变化趋势进行分析。结果表明:近56 a西南地区春、夏、秋、冬四季ET0值分别为314.71、345.78、219.13、169.51 mm,气候倾向率分别为0.850、-2.841、0.571、1.125 mm/(10 a),其中春、秋季ET0呈不显著变化趋势,夏季ET0呈极显著下降趋势(P<0.01),冬季呈极显著上升趋势(P<0.01);相对湿度、日照时数和风速在四季均呈下降趋势,温度呈上升趋势,其中相对湿度呈极显著下降趋势(P<0.01),最低温度呈极显著上升趋势(P<0.01);春季相对湿度对ET0贡献率最大,为5.23%,夏季日照时数对ET0贡献率最大,为-7.49%,秋季最高温度对ET0贡献率最大,为3.94%;冬季最低温度对ET0贡献率最大,为6.69%,其次是平均温度,为6.57%。因此,近56 a西南地区春、秋、冬季ET0上升的主要原因分别是相对湿度降低、最高温度上升、最低温度和平均温度升高,夏季ET0下降的主要原因是日照时数减少。
Accurate assessment of reference crop evapotranspiration( ET0) in Southwest China is of great significance for crop water consumption analysis,crop productivity potential assessment and regional water resources management. This paper applied the meteorological data in the Southwest of China for nearly 56 years,and the ET0 in Southwest China was calculated by FAO-56 Penman-Monteith model. The characteristics and trends of ET0 and associated meteorological factors in the Southwest of China for nearly 56 years were analyzed by MannKendall detection,change trend analysis and contribution rate analysis based on the sensitivity coefficient. The results showed that the values of ET0 in spring,summer,autumn and winter in the Southwest of China in the past 56 years were 314.71,345.78,219.13 and 169.51 mm,respectively; the climatic tendency was 0. 850,-2. 841,0. 571 and 1. 125 mm/( 10 a),in which the spring and autumn ET0 showed no significant trend,and the ET0 showed a very significant downward trend in summer( P<0.01),and a significant upward trend in winter( P<0.01). The relative humidity,sunshine duration and wind speed showed a downward trend in the four seasons,and the temperature showed an upward trend,in which the relative humidity showed a very significant downward trend( P<0.01),and the minimum temperature showed a very significant upward trend( P<0.01). In spring,relative humidity contributed the most to ET0,which was 5.23%; in summer,sunshine duration contributed the most to ET0,which was-7.49%; in autumn,the maximum temperature contributed the most to ET0,which was3.94%; The minimum temperature in winter contributed the most to ET0,which was 6.69%,followed by the average temperature of 6.57%.Therefore,in the past 56 years,the main reasons for the rise of ET0 in spring,autumn and winter in the Southwest of China were lower relative humidity,higher maximum temperature,higher minimum temperature and higher average temperature,respectively; the main reason for the decline of ET0 in summer was the reduction of sunshine duration.
作者
刘悦
崔宁博
李果
罗万琦
廖功磊
王禄涛
LIU Yue;CUI Sing-bo;LI Guo;LUO Wan-qi;LIAO Gong-lei;WANG Lu-tao(College of Water Resource and Hydropower Chengdu 610065,China;State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;Sichuan Key Laboratory of Water-saving Agriculture Research in Southern Hilly Area,Chengdu 610066,China;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water and Soft Engineering Education in the Dry Area of Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;Siehuan Institute of Mechanical Research and Design,Chengdu 610023,China;Guangxi Jiejiarun Polytron Technologies Inc,Nanning 530007,China)
出处
《节水灌溉》
北大核心
2018年第12期54-59,共6页
Water Saving Irrigation
基金
"十三五"国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0400206-03)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(51779161)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2016CDDY-S04-SCU
2017XDLZ-N22)
四川省科技计划项目(2017NZ0022)
关键词
西南地区
参考作物蒸散量
季节
气象因子
贡献率
Southwest China
reference crop evapotranspiration
season
meteorological factors
contribution rate
