摘要
目的分析攀枝花市水痘流行特征,为防控策略提供依据。方法资料来源于《中国疾病预防控制信息系统》提供的2005-2017 年攀枝花市水痘传染病报告数据、水痘突发公共卫生事件及人口数据,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果2005-2017 年攀枝花市水痘年发病率为82.82/10 万,月发病高峰为4-6月、11月-次年1月,年龄段发病率以3~9岁最高、其次是10~14岁和0~2岁,报告发病数学生占56.47%、托幼儿童占21.50%、散居儿童占10.66%。13 年间全市共报告因水痘引起的突发公共卫生事件13 起,占突发公共卫生事件总数的20.31%。12 起发生在中小学校,主要发生在农村小学5起,城市中小学4 起。在未达到突发信息报告标准前疾控机构介入调查的其首末病例间隔为(30.60±5.41)d,低于未提前介入处置的(45.14±10.06)d。结论冬季更易造成水痘的聚集发生;水痘应纳入攀枝花市中小学校传染病防控工作重点;攀枝花市应借鉴外地经验提高水痘疫苗接种率,将水痘疫苗纳入学生入学查漏补种,规范水痘疫苗的应急接种。
[Objective] To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of varicella in Panzhihua City,provide foundation for formulating control strategy.[Methods]The data of varicella epidemic report,varicella public health emergencies and demographic information in Panzhihua City from 2005-2017 were collected from the National Notifiable Infectious Disease Reporting Information System,and were analyzed by the descriptive epidemiological method. [Results]From 2005-2017,the annual incidence of varicella was 82.82/lakh in Panzhihua City,and the morbidity peak occurred April to June and November to January in next year. The incidence in 3-9 year-old age group was the highest,followed by 10-14 and 0-2 age groups. The cases of students accounted for 56.47% of the total reported cases,while the cases of kindergarten children and scattered children accounted for 21.50% and 10.66% respectively. There were 13 public health emergencies caused by varicella in Panzhihua City during 13 years,accounting for 20.31% of the overall emergencies,and 12 occurred in primary and middle school,including five in rural primary school , four in urban primary and middle school. The interval of the first and last case among the emergencies which were investigated by disease prevention and control organization before reaching the emergency report standard was (30.60±5.41) days,which was shorted than that of emergencies without the early intervention[(45.14±10.06) days]. [Conclusion]The varicella clusters are more likely to occur in winter. The prevention and control of infectious disease should focus on varicella in primary and secondary schools in Panzhihua City. The advanced experience of other place should be borrowed to improve varicella vaccination rate of Panzhihua City,the varicella vaccination should be included in the supplementary vaccination of school enrollment,and the emergency vaccination of varicella should be standardized.
作者
王素芹
廖洪秀
WANG Su-qin;LIAO Hong-xiu(Emergency and Business Department,Panzhthua Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Panzhihua Sichuan,617000,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2018年第24期3371-3374,共4页
Occupation and Health
关键词
攀枝花市
水痘
流行特征
防控策略
Panzhihua City
Varicella
Epidemiological features
Control strategy
