摘要
目的了解动机访谈式健康教育减盐干预对高血压患者或高危人群氯化钠摄入量及减盐的知识、态度、行为的改变效果,为减少钠摄入量适宜技术的研究提供良好基础。方法于2014年6月至2016年6月在浙江省临海市随机整群抽取2个农村社区各200例高血压患者或高血压高危人群,随机分为作为减盐组和对照组。对照组采取常规健康教育管理,减盐组采取项目组研制的动机访谈式健康教育等干预措施。在基线和末期均进行体格检查、问卷调查和3日盐调味品称重和实验室测定。采用SPSS13.0软件进行t检验、独立样本χ^2检验和配对x^2检验,采用倍差法分析动机访谈式健康教育减盐干预的干预效果。结果干预后,减盐组饮食油腻程度低于对照组,口味程度清淡比例高于对照组,盐与高血压相关知识知晓率均高于对照组,所处减盐行为改变阶段优于对照组.差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后减盐组收缩压、氯化钠摄入量、TC、HDL-C和LDL-C降低,空腹血糖略有升高;对照组收缩压、空腹血糖升高,腰围、TC、HDL-C和LDL-C降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。倍差法分析结果显示,随着时间与减盐干预交互作用,收缩压有所下降。交互效应β=-11.78,有统计学意义(P<0.05).即减盐组经过干预收缩压可下降11.78mmHg。结论动机访谈式健康教育减盐干预技术对高血压患者或高危人群能够有效地提升减盐的认知、信念,并促进减盐行为,对收缩压降低效果更佳。
Objective To evaluate the effects of salt reduction intervention with motivational interview-based health education on the knowledge,attitude and behavior of sodium chloride intake and salt reduction in hypertensive patients or high risk population, and to provide the basis for studying the skill of sodium intake reduce.Methods From June of 2014 to June of 2016,200subjects with hypertension or high-risk in 2 rural communities were randomly selected from Linhai City,Zhejiang Province,and 200 subjects were randomly divided into the salt reduction group and the control group.The control group adopted routine health education management,and the salt reduction group adopted intervention measures such as salt reduction intervention with motivational interview-based health education developed by the project team.Physical examinations,questionnaires,and 3-day salt dressing weighing and laboratory measurements were performed at baseline and at the end.The t test and χ^2 test were used to analyze the data,and the intervention effects of salt reduction intervention with motivational interview-based health education were analyzed by the difference-in-difference method.The used software was SPSS 13.0 software.Results After one year of intervention,the greasy degree of diet in salt reduction group was significantly lower than that in control group,proportion of light taste in salt reduction group was significantly higher than that in control group,the awareness rate of hypertension knowledge in salt reduction group was significantly higher than that in control group ,the salt reduction behavior change in salt reduction group was significantly better than that in control group (P<0.05).After intervention,in the salt-reduced group,the systolic:blood pressure,sodium chloride intake,TC.HDL-C,and LDL-C significantly decreased,but fasting blood glucose increased slightly;in the control group,the systolic blood pressure and fasting blood glucose significantly increased,waistline,TC,HDL-C and LDL-C significantly decreased,P<0.05,P<0.01.The results of the difference-in-difference analysis showed that the systolic blood pressure decreased with the interaction of time and salt reduction intervention,and the interaction effect β=-11.78(P<0.05),that was,the salt reduction group could reduce the systolic blood pressure by 11.78mmHg.Conclusion Salt reduction intervention with motivational interview-based health education technology effectively enhanced the awareness,belief of salt reduction and promoted the salt reduction behavior in patients with hypertension or high-risk,and had a better effect on reducing systolic blood pressure.
作者
杜晓甫
梁明斌
方乐
王良友
王华
唐宇明
俞敏
钟节鸣
DU Xiao-fu;LIANG Ming-bin;FANG Le;WANG Liang-you;WANG Hua;TANG Yu-ming;YU Min;ZHONG Jie-ming(Department of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control,Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hangzhou ,Zhejiang Province 310051,China)
出处
《中国慢性病预防与控制》
CAS
北大核心
2018年第12期895-899,共5页
Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases
基金
2015年度浙江省公益性技术应用研究计划(2015C33099)
关键词
高血压
氯化钠摄入量
动机访谈式健康教育减盐干预
效果分析
Hypertension
Sodium chloride intake
Salt reduction intervention with motivational interview-based health education
Effect analysis
