摘要
目的 了解碘盐新标准实施后湖北省居民碘营养状况,综合评价防控措施落实效果。 方法 2016年,在湖北省的103个县(市、区),将每个县(市、区)所辖乡镇(街道)划分为东、南、西、北、中5个片区,每个片区抽取1个乡镇(街道),每个乡镇(街道)抽取1所小学,每所小学抽取40名8-10岁儿童(男、女各半),采集家中食用盐盐样;在每所小学所在乡镇(街道)抽取20名孕妇,采集家中食用盐盐样。按照人口比例概率抽样法(PPS),在103个县(市、区)中抽取35个县(市、区),采用上述抽样方法,对8-10岁儿童进行甲状腺容积和尿碘含量的检测,孕妇进行尿碘含量检测。碘营养判定标准:儿童尿碘中位数< 100 μg/L为碘缺乏,100-< 200 μg/L为碘适量,200-< 300 μg/L为碘超适宜量,≥300 μg/L为碘过量;孕妇尿碘中位数< 150 μg/L为碘缺乏,150-< 250 μg/L为碘适量,250-< 500 μg/L为碘超适宜量,≥500 μg/L为碘过量。 结果 共采集儿童及孕妇家中食用盐盐样30 967份,盐碘中位数为23.85 mg/kg,碘盐覆盖率为99.46%(30 799/30 967),合格碘盐食用率为94.00%(29 108/30 967)。共对6 789名8-10岁儿童进行甲状腺容积和尿碘含量检测,甲状腺肿大率为0.85%(58/6 789),尿碘中位数为263.54 μg/L;检测孕妇尿样3 348份,尿碘中位数为166.71 μg/L。 结论 湖北省居民盐碘含量和儿童甲状腺肿大率符合国家消除碘缺乏病标准,孕妇及儿童碘营养处于碘适量或碘超适宜量状态,应持续加强重点人群的碘营养水平监测。
Objective To analyze the status of iodine nutrition after implementing new standard of iodized salt in Hubei Province, and to evaluate the effectiveness of prevention and control measures. Methods In 2016, in 103 counties (cities, districts) of Hubei Province, the townships (streets) under the jurisdiction of each county (city, district) were divided into five regions: east, south, west, north, and middle. One township (street) was selected from each region, and one primary school was selected from each township(street). From each primary school 40 children aged 8 - 10 (half males half females) were selected to collect salt samples from their households. Twenty pregnant women from townships(streets) near the selected schools were chosen to collect edible salt samples from their households. According to the method of population proportionate sampling (PPS), 35 counties (cities, districts) were chosen from 103 counties (cities, districts). Thyroid volume of children aged 8 - 10 was examined, and urinary iodine of children and pregnant women were tested. Iodine nutrition criteria: the median urinary iodine of children < 100 μg/L is iodine deficiency, 100 - < 200 μg/L is iodine appropriate, 200 - < 300 μg/L is iodine overdose, ≥300 μg/L is iodine excess;pregnant women urinary iodine median < 150 μg/L is iodine deficiency, 150 -< 250 μg/L is iodine appropriate, 250 - < 500 μg/L is iodine overdose, and ≥500 μg/L is iodine excess. Results Totally 30 967 edible salt samples from children's and pregnant women's households were examined, and the median of salt iodine was 23.85 mg/kg. The coverage rate of iodized salt was 99.46% (30 799/30 967) , the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 94.00% (29 108/30 967). Totally 6 789 children aged 8 - 10 were examined thyroid volume and detected urinary iodine, the goiter rate was 0.85% (58/6 789) and the median urinary iodine was 263.54 μg/L. Totally 3 348 urine samples of pregnant women were examined, and the median urinary iodine was 166.71 μg/L. Conclusions The salt iodine content of residents and the goiter rate of children in Hubei Province meet the national standard for eliminating iodine deficiency disorders. The iodine nutrition level of children and pregnant women is iodine appropriate or iodine overdose. The iodine nutrition level monitoring of key populations should be continuously strengthened.
作者
戴馨
熊培生
张碧云
周素华
尹坚
蔡顺祥
石青
Dai Xin;Xiong Peisheng;Zhang Biyun;Zhou Suhua;Yin Jian;Cai Shunxiang;Shi Qing(Institute for Chronic Diseases Prevention and Control of Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Wuhan 430079,China)
出处
《中华地方病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第1期57-60,共4页
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
基金
中央补助地方公共卫生专项资金地方病防治项目(2015、2016).
关键词
碘
缺乏症
盐类
尿
甲状腺肿
Iodine
Deficiency disease
Salts
Urine
Goiter
