摘要
目的调查和掌握广西食品中人工放射性核素137Cs放射性水平,估算不同人群由膳食摄入所致年待积有效剂量并进行健康风险评估。方法依据国标GB/T 16145-1995《生物样品中放射性核素的γ能谱分析方法》和国标GB/T 11713-2015《高纯锗γ能谱分析通用方法》,对广西粮食、蔬菜、海产品、淡水鱼类、禽畜肉类、茶叶和奶粉7大类202个样品进行监测分析,并对数据进行分析和比较。结果137Cs的检出率为91. 6%(185/202),检出的比活度范围为0. 011～0. 931 Bq/kg(鲜重)。所检样品中以茶叶中137Cs含量最高,其均值为(0. 263±0. 067) Bq/kg,检出范围为0. 164～0. 735 Bq/kg。137Cs摄入致学龄婴儿、儿童、男青年/成年男人和女青年/成年女人的平均年待积有效剂量分别为0. 141、0. 189、0. 251、0. 152μSv/a;人群摄入137Cs一生癌症风险范围为(0. 74～1. 33)×10-6。结论广西食品中137Cs放射性水平远低于国家标准限值,人群剂量负担轻微,不会对人体的健康造成影响。
Objective To investigate and master the radioactivity level of artificial radionuclide137 Cs in Guangxi food and estimate the committed effective dose of dietary intake in different populations and assess the health risk. Methods According to the national standards GB/T 16145-1995 "gamma ray spectrum analysis method for radionuclide in biological samples"and GB/T 11713-2015 "general method of gamma spectrometry analysis of high purified Ge",202 samples of 7 categories( including grain,vegetables,seafood,freshwater fish,poultry meat,tea and milk powder) collected in Guangxi were monitored and determined. The data were compared and evaluated. Results The detection rate of137 Cs was 91. 6 %( 185/202),the specific activity ranged from 0. 011 to 0. 931 Bq/kg( for fresh weight). The content of 137 Cs in tea was the highest in the samples,and the mean value in tea was 0. 263 ± 0. 067 Bq/kg and ranged from 0. 164 to 0. 735 Bq/kg. The average annual committed effective dose by137 Cs intake for school-age infants,children,young men/male adult and young women/female adults was 0. 141μSv/a,0. 189μSv/a,0. 251μSv/a and 0. 152 μSv/a,respectively. The risk of lifetime cancer caused by137 Cs intake was( 0. 74 ~ 1. 33) × 10^-6. Conclusion137 Cs radioactivity level in Guangxi food is far below the national standard limit,the dose burden for the population is slight and it will not affect human health.
作者
赵新春
冯兰英
马一龙
雷家杰
卢秀芳
陈掌凡
覃志英
谢萍
ZHAO XinChun;FENG LanYing;MA YiLong;LEI JiaJie;LU XiuFang;CHEN ZhangFan;QIN ZhiYing;XIE Ping(Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and PreventionGuangxi,Nanning 530028 China)
出处
《中国辐射卫生》
2018年第5期458-461,共4页
Chinese Journal of Radiological Health
基金
广西自然科学基金(2016GXNSFAA380009)
广西医药卫生科研课题项目(Z2014158)
关键词
137Cs
Γ能谱仪
放射性水平
比活度
癌症风险
年待积有效剂量
137 Cs
Gamma Ray Spectrometer
Radioactivity Level
Specific Activity
Cancer risk
Annual Committed Effective Dose
