摘要
从江苏省南通市大生源牧场、盐城市泰来神牧场及连云港市三元双宝牧场采集分析了12个月的奶牛乳样,通过分析3个牧场奶牛乳腺炎发病率的季节变化发现,冬季发病率普遍低于夏秋季。以2017年7月份南通市大生源牧场321头奶牛的乳样为例,采用奶牛生产性能测定(DHI)随机筛选出20头患有临床型乳腺炎的奶牛乳样,经过细菌分离纯化培养后采用PCR技术鉴定致病菌种类。结果显示:这20份乳样中共分离鉴定出枯草芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、梭状芽孢杆菌、苏云金杆菌、微杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、格氏乳球菌、分支杆菌、大肠杆菌、气单胞菌、枸橼酸杆菌、不动杆菌、肺炎克雷伯杆菌共13种细菌,其中以金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、枸橼酸杆菌、不动杆菌和肺炎克雷伯杆菌感染为主;此外,奶牛大都感染了3种及以上致病菌,说明奶牛乳腺炎以多种致病菌混合感染为主。选用6种抗生素药物组合对混合乳样致病菌进行药敏试验,结果显示氨苄西林钠、青霉素钾、硫酸链霉素共同处理组体外抑菌效果最好,为苏中地区大生源牧场奶牛乳腺炎防治提供一定的理论基础。
Milk samples from Dashengyuan Dairy Cattle Farm in Nantong City,Tailaishen Dairy Cattle Farm in Yancheng City and Sanyuanshuangbao Dairy Cattle Farm in Lianyungang City were collected for 12 months. Seasonal changes in incidence of diseases in the cows were analyzed,and bovine mastitis in winter was found to be of generally lower incidence than in summer and autumn. Milk samples of 321 cows in Dashengyuan Dairy Cattle Farm in July,2017;and 20 dairy cows with clinical mastitis were randomly selected those cows by DHI.Bacteria were isolated and cultured in the samples and pathogenic bacteria were identified by PCR. The results showed that the 20 milk samples contained 13 bacteria: Bacillus subtilis,Bacillus licheniformis,Clostridium prazmowski,Bacillus thuringiensis,Micro bacterium,Staphylococcus aureus,Lactococcus garvieae,Mycobacterium,Escherichia coli,Aeromonas,Citrobacter,Acinetobacter and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Among them,Staphylococcus aureus,E. coli,Citrobacter,Acinetobacter and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the major pathogenic bacteria. In addition,most cows were infected with three or more pathogenic bacteria at the same time,indicating that mastitis in cow was mainly caused by mixed infections of multiple pathogenic bacteria. Then,six kinds of antibiotics were used in combination to test drug susceptibility of mixed milk pathogenic bacteria,which showed that the combination of ampicillin sodium,penicillin potassium and streptomycin sulfate had the best antibacterial effect in vitro. The present study provided a theoretical basis for prevention and treatment of mastitis in Dashengyuan Dairy Cattle Farm.
作者
沈阳阳
方舒婷
贠阳
李丽丽
吕成龙
陈芳慧
马腾月
宋文娟
蔡亚非
SHEN Yangyang;FANG Shuting;YUN Yang;LI Lili;LYU Chenglong;CHEN Fanghui;MA Tengyue;SONG Wenjuan;CAI Yafei(College of Animal Science and Technology,Nanjing Agricultural University/Dairy Herd Improvement(DHI)Center of Jiangsu Province,Nanjing 210095,China;DHI Standard Material Lab,National Animal Husbandry Station,Beijing 100125,China)
出处
《畜牧与兽医》
北大核心
2019年第1期99-106,共8页
Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine
基金
江苏农业自主创新资金(SCX(18)3014)
农业技术试验示范与服务支持项目(060-HY0045)
大学生创新计划SRT省级项目(201710307006Y)
关键词
奶牛乳腺炎
季节比较
致病菌
分离鉴定
药敏试验
bovine mastitis
seasonal comparison
pathogenic bacteria
isolation and identification
drug susceptibility test
