摘要
以河北泊头‘新梨7号’梨为试材,研究了4个采收期(盛花后106、116、126、136 d)果实在常温[(20±0.5)℃]贮藏过程中果实品质及生理指标的差异。结果表明:随着采收期推迟,可溶性固形物含量、单果重和种子颜色指数增加,果肉硬度下降,可滴定酸、维生素C含量以采收期2(7月30日采收,盛花后116 d)果实最高;果皮颜色L*值和a*/b*值增加,h?值下降,叶绿素荧光参数Fo、Fm和Fv逐渐降低。在常温贮藏条件下,随着货架期延长,果肉硬度、可滴定酸含量、维生素C含量下降,可溶性固形物含量变化不大,果皮颜色L*值和a*/b*值增加,h?值下降,Fo升高,Fm、Fv、Fv/Fm降低,种子颜色指数和腐烂率增加;采收期2果实可滴定酸、维生素C含量可保持较高水平,口感较好,果面具红晕,且果实腐烂率较低,贮藏性较好,具有较高的商品价值。‘新梨7号’在河北省泊头地区长期贮藏的适宜采收标准为:果实7月下旬至8月初采收,果实生长发育期110～120d,种子颜色1/2左右变褐,可溶性固形物含量≥11.5%,果肉硬度≥5.0kg/cm2。叶绿素荧光参数可作为‘新梨7号’贮藏期间果实衰老的评价指标之一。
The difference of room temperature [(20±0.5)℃] on fruit quality and physiology of ‘Xinli 7’ pear harvested from Botou region,Hebei province,at stages of maturity at 106,116,126,136 days after full bloom were investigated.The results showed that soluble solid content,single fruit weight and seed color index gradually increased,the fruit firmness gradually declined,and the content of titratable acid and vitamin C of fruit that harvested at stages 2(the fruits were harvested on July 30,116 d after full bloom) was the highest.For the peel color,the value of L* and a*/b* gradually increased,but the h?,Fo,Fm,and Fv decreased with the harvest period were postponed.During the shelf life of fruits of different harvested stages,the fruit firmness,titratable acid and vitamin C content declined gradually,the seed color index and decay rate increased gradually,but soluble solid content had little obvious change.For fruit skin color,the value of L* and a*/b*,Fo gradually increased,the h?,Fm,Fv and Fv/Fm gradually declined.The titratable acid and vitamin C remained on high level,had good taste,better red halo,and the lower fruit decay rate.So the harvest time of stage 2 was most appropriate,maintaining the good quality during storage and shelf time for ‘Xinli 7’ pear from Botou region.We suggested the appropriate long-term storage parameters of ‘Xinli 7’ were showed as follows: the optimum harvesting time was late July to early August,and the optimal maturity was that the fruit kept growing for 110~120 days after full bloom,the firmness reached to 5.0 kg/cm^2,the SSC≥11.5%,and the half of the seeds were brown.We also found that the chorophyll fluorescence parameters could be used as one of the evaluation indexes of the senescence of the ‘Xinli 7’ pear.
作者
崔建潮
彭增瑞
王文辉
贾晓辉
王志华
史世军
CUI Jianchao;PENG Zengrui;WANG Wenhui;JIA Xiaohui;WANG Zhihua;SHI Shijun(Research Institute of Pomology,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xingcheng,Liaoning 125100;Botou Yafeng Fruit Co.,Ltd.;Botou Agriculture Bureau)
出处
《中国果树》
北大核心
2019年第1期21-26,共6页
China Fruits
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-29-19)资助
关键词
'新梨7号’
梨
采收期
常温贮藏
果实品质
采后生理
'Xinli 7'
pear
harvest period
room temperature storage
fruit quality
postharvest physiology
