摘要
中国户籍制度的演化一定程度上折射出整个国家的政治发展脉络。在传统的制度变迁研究中,无论是结构中心主义还是行为人中心主义往往都缺乏时间性的敏锐。文章基于历史制度主义的研究方法,将历史进程抽象为由关键事件所构成的因果链条,而事件的发展则受制于制度环境与权力结构的双重影响。新中国成立之后,随着国家权力排他性地位的确立,制度安排得以成为国家意志的简单反映,户籍管理体制及其相关配套制度成为维持社会稳定、服务重工业优先发展的政策工具。改革开放之后,随着制度环境的逐渐宽松以及市场与社会权力的复苏,参与制度变迁的主体愈加丰富,户籍制度的演化打破了原有的路径,发展轨迹在多重逻辑的制约与互动中逐步确立了通往公正化的总方向。半个多世纪以来,户籍制度的演化展现了政治作为时空约束下的结构化过程,同时凸显了不同权力之间的联合与冲突在制度变迁中的作用。
As a far-reaching administrative system,the evolution of the household registration system could reflect the logic of political development in China.Whether the structure -centered approach or the actor -centered approach,traditional studies of institutional changes often pay less attention to the role of the time.Based on the method of historical institutionalism,this paper emphasizes that the causal chain formed by key events determines the historical process,while the character of events is subject to the influence of the institutional environment and the power structure.With the establishment of the exclusive status of state power after the founding of the People's Republic of China,institutional arrangements became a simple reflection of the interests of the government.The household registration system and its related institutions became the tools for keeping stability and developing industrialization.After the reform and opening up policy was introduced,with the gradual loosening of the institutional environment and the recovery of market power and social force,players contributing to institutional changes have become more abundant.As a result,the household registration reform has broken the original path and the trajectory has been decided by multiple agents.The history of institutional changes not only reflects the politics as a process structured by time and space but also interprets the basic role of the alliance and differentiation of power in institutional changes.
作者
释启鹏
Shi Qipeng(Renmin University of China,Beijing)
出处
《经济社会体制比较》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第1期181-191,共11页
Comparative Economic & Social Systems
基金
中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金资助)(项目编号:18XNH025)
关键词
户籍制度
制度变迁
时间
结构
权力
Household Registration System
Institutional Change
Time
Structure
Power
