摘要
目的探讨山东省地方性氟中毒健康教育效果,为进一步制订健康教育措施提供依据。方法2011-2015年,采用前瞻性研究方法,每年在山东省抽取19个地方性氟中毒病区县(市、区)作为项目县,每个项目县抽取3个乡(镇),在每个乡(镇)中心小学校4~6年级开展地方性氟中毒防治知识的健康教育活动;每个乡(镇)抽取3个行政村,开展社区健康教育活动。在健康教育前后,每个乡(镇)中心小学抽取5年级学生30名,学校所在地各抽取15名家庭主妇,进行地方性氟中毒防治知识的健康教育问卷调查。结果健康教育效果评价显示,小学生与家庭主妇的地方性氟中毒防治知识的知晓率分别为95.64%(27770/29037)和92.09%(14341/15573),较干预前[69.40%(20157/29043)和67.40%(10375/15393)]显著提高(χ^2=6926.73、2928.86,P均<0.05),小学生和家庭主妇的地方性氟中毒防治知识的知晓率分别提高了26.24和24.69个百分点。结论实施地方性氟中毒健康教育干预后,山东省地方性氟中毒病区的防治知识知晓率显著提高,可以进一步扩大健康教育开展范围。
Objective To explore the effect of health education on endemic fluorosis in Shandong Province, and provide evidence for further development of health education measures. Methods From 2011 to 2015, using prospective method, 19 endemic fluorosis counties (cities, districts) were selected as project counties in Shandong Province each year, and 3 townships(towns) were selected in each project county. Health educational activities on prevention and treatment of endemic fluorosis were carried out in the classes of grade 4-6 in the central primary school;3 administrative villages were selected in each township (town) to carry out community health education activities. Before and after the health education activities, questionnaire surveys on the health education of endemic fluorosis prevention knowledge were conducted among 30 students of grade 5 in the central primary school and 15 housewives lived near the schools in each township (town). Results The results of health education evaluation showed that the awareness rate of prevention and treatment of endemic fluorosis in school students and housewives were 95.64% (27 770/29 037) and 92.09% (14 341/15 573), respectively, which were significantly higher than those before the intervention [69.40% (20 157/29 043) and 67.40% (10 375/15 393)], and the differences were statistically significant (χ^2=6 926.73, 2 928.85, P < 0.05). Among the primary school students and housewives, the knowledge awareness rates of prevention and treatment of endemic fluorosis were increased by 26.24% and 24.69%, respectively. Conclusion After implementation of endemic fluorosis health education intervention, the awareness rate of prevention and treatment knowledge in local fluorosis areas in Shandong Province is significantly increased, which means we can further expand the scope of health education.
作者
沈卫萍
汪昱
张良
高红旭
汪春雷
张本政
高杰
Shen Weiping;Wang Yu;Zhang Liang;Gao Hongxu;Wang Chunlei;Zhang Benzheng;Gao Jie(Department of Health Education,Shandong Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control,Jinan 250014, China;Maternal and Child Health Development Research Center,Shandong Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jinan 250014,China)
出处
《中华地方病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第2期161-164,共4页
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
基金
山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(2018WS325).
关键词
氟
健康教育
效果评价
Fluorine
Health education
Effect evaluation
