摘要
本文用测定土壤中土著VA菌根真菌自然侵染势的方法,研究了黄淮海地区几种类型的潮土和发育于不同母质的红壤中菌根菌的侵染速率和最高侵染率,对通过接种菌根菌产生效益的可能性进行了预测。对影响菌根菌侵染的某些因素及植物对菌根的依赖性等也进行了试验研究。结果表明,在侵染有迟后现象的土壤上选种对菌根依赖性高的植物,通过接种菌根菌可以提高对磷的利用率,增加生长量。
Development of mycorrhizal infections were estimated by assesing the percentage of VAM infecdon in growth intervals of mungbean in pot cultures with fluvo-aquic soils of HuangHuai-Hai plain and red soils derived from quaternary red clay,grailite and basalt in Jiangxi and Gnangdon provinces,most of which were deficient in available phosphorus.Results showed that infections of indigenous VAM fungi in most soils were low and lag phase usually presented.In most of the fluvo-aquic soils,VA mycorrhizal infections were around 10% on the 20 days seedlings.After inoculation,infections of both mungbean and white clover in sandy and loamy fluvo-aquic soil increased to 20—30%during the early stage of seedlings.In red soils derived from quaternary red clay in Jiangxi province,VAM infection was 13% on 40 days seedlings,it increased up to 50—60%during 25——40 days by inoculation.In red soils derived from other parent materials in Gurngdon province had the same tendency with those in other districts. Lag phase of infections were all decreased or even disappeared by introdticing mycorrhizal fungi into the soil,and plant growth was greatly promoted.Phosphorus encouraged mycorrhizal infection in most soils deficient in available P,but the optimum amount of P fertilization was different between fluvo-aquic soil and red soils.In fluvo-aquic soil,the optimum P level was 4 kg P_2O_5/mu in form of superphosphate,while 8 kg P_2O_5/mu was suitable to red soils derived from quaternary red clay in Jiangxi province.Mycorrhizal dependency of various plants were quite different.According to the calculation of Menge,mycorrhizal dependericies of grape,China rose,white clover,and asparagus were 400—600%,that of violet,petunia,corn;and cotton,soybean,tobaco were 200——400% and 150—200% respectively,and that of peanut,tomato,sesbania,mungbean and lily were less than 150%. From the resulfs obtained,it is indicated that VAM fungi may make great contribution to plant nutrition by inocnlation or by encouraging the developmerit of the nattirally occurringfungi in soil.There is good prospect in growing plants with high mycorrhizal dependency to obtain high efficiency in these soils in practice.
出处
《土壤学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1991年第2期124-131,共8页
Acta Pedologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金
